What is the clinkering temperature?

Composition and preparation Portland cement clinker is made by heating a homogeneous mixture of raw materials in a rotary kiln at high temperature. The products of the chemical reaction aggregate together at their sintering temperature, about 1,450 °C (2,640 °F).

How do you calculate clinker factor?

Raw meal to clinker factor = 100 – ash absorbtion 100 – LOI Ash absorbtion = % of ash in fuel x specific fuel consumption Specific fuel consumption = kg coal kg clinker = Specific heat consumption NCV of coal Note: LOI assumed to be negligible in clinker.

What is known as clinker?

Clinker is the backbone of cement production. It is essentially a mix of limestone and minerals that have been heated in a kiln and have been transformed by this heat. When limestone is converted to clinker, CO2 is released (also known as process emissions).

What is Clinkerisation factor?

The process of clinkerization signifies conversion of raw meal into clinker minerals mainly consisting of C4AF(Aluminoferite), C3A(Aluminite), C2S(Belite) and C3S (Alite) phases along with small percentage of free lime CaO, MgO, Alkalies, Sulphates etc.

Do we have clinker in Kenya?

Kenya has a clinker shortage of 3.3Mta, 40 per cent of demand, with 59 per cent of the deficit being imported duty-free from Egypt, according to the National Independent Clinker Verification Committee. However, the total clinker production capacity in the country is around 8Mta.

What is the percentage of clinker in PC?

As per specification of BDS EN 197-1:2003, CEM-1, 52.5 N Crown Portland Cement is a cement prepared by mixing clinker 95-100% and gypsum 0-5%. This cement is also called Portland Cement (PC).

What is cement to clinker ratio?

The world average clinker/cement ratio is about 0.81, with the balance comprising gypsum and additives such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, and natural pozzolana.

What is NCR in cement industry?

How is NCR (naked cement realisation) calculated in the cement industry?

Where is clinker used?

Clinker is primarily used to produce cement. Since it can be stored in dry condition for several months without noticeable deterioration, it is traded internationally in large amounts. Cement manufacturers buy clinker for their cement plants in areas where raw materials for cement are scarce or unavailable.

What is clinker ratio?

What is Loi in clinker?

The loss on ignition of a raw material, cement or a clinker sample is the amount of weight lost through raising the temperature of the material to a predetermined level. As an indicator it can be used to monitor and improve the quality of the final product.

Why gypsum is added in cement?

During cement manufacturing process upon cooling of clinker a small amount of gypsum is added during the final grinding process. Gypsum controls the setting of the cement and if not added the cement will set immediately leaving no time for concrete placing.