What does the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis do?

Mammalian Hormone-Behavior Systems The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis is primarily responsible for regulating reproductive activity and the release of ovarian hormones in animals and humans (Couse et al., 2003; Meethal and Atwood, 2005).

What stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis?

Relaxin-3 stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

What is the HPG axis and what is the role of negative feedback?

The HPG axis is controlled by a negative feedback loop. In the healthy brain, the hypothalamus releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) into the median eminence, and then GnRH is transported via the hypophyseal portal system to the anterior pituitary where it acts on its receptor (GnRHR).

What are the seven events of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis?

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

  • Leptin.
  • Estradiol.
  • Androgen.
  • Luteinizing Hormone.
  • Follicle-Stimulating Hormone.
  • Gonadotropin.
  • Kisspeptin.
  • Testosterone.

What is the gonadal axis?

What is the gonadal axis? The gonadal axis involves a complex interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and the gonads. This axis helps to regulate development, reproduction, ageing and many other key physiological processes.

What hormones link the hypothalamus the pituitary gland and the female gonads?

How the female gonadal axis works

  • The hypothalamus secretes GnRH.
  • GnRH travels down to the anterior pituitary gland and binds to receptors on the gland.
  • This promotes the release of LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone).
  • LH and FSH travel in the bloodstream to the ovaries.

What is hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in males?

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) Axis. The male testis consists of tightly packed seminiferous tubules. Within these tubules the formation of sperm (spermatogenesis) occurs. Leydig cells between the tubules secrete the male steroid, Testosterone (T) and Sertoli cells secrete a peptide hormone, Inhibin.

Is progesterone in the HPG axis?

Following ovulation, the follicle remains luteinised, secreting oestrogen and now also progesterone, reverting back to negative feedback on the HPG axis. This, together with inhibin (inhibits FSH) stalls the cycle in anticipation of fertilisation.

What hormones link the hypothalamus specific part of the pituitary gland and the female gonads?

The hypothalamus produces and secretes luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone (LHRH) into a system of blood vessels that link the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. LHRH stimulates the pituitary gland by attaching to specific molecules (i.e., receptors).

What is hypogonadotropic hypogonadism?

Definition. Hypogonadism is a condition in which the male testes or the female ovaries produce little or no sex hormones. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is a form of hypogonadism that is due to a problem with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus.

What is the hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis?

The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis is a tightly regulated system controlling female reproduction. HPO axis dysfunction leading to ovulation disorders can be classified into three categories defined by the World Health Organization (WHO).

What is the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis?

The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis (HPT axis for short, a.k.a. thyroid homeostasis or thyrotropic feedback control) is part of the neuroendocrine system responsible for the regulation of metabolism and also responds to stress.