What does irf 1 do?

IRF-1 regulates expression of target genes by binding to an interferon stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters. The IRF-1 protein binds to the ISRE via an N-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA binding domain, which is highly conserved among all IRF proteins.

What is IRF immune system?

The Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors that play pivotal roles in many aspects of the immune response, including immune cell development and differentiation and regulating responses to pathogens.

How is IRF1 activated?

IRF1 both modulates and is regulated by activating and repressive epigenetic marks on chromatin, including histone methylation (such as H3K4me3 and H3K27me3) or acetylation at promoter proximal sites. IRF1 can also act cooperatively with other transcription factors to induce gene expression.

Is IRF1 an ISG?

Thus, IRF1 fits the typical profile of an “IFN-stimulated gene” (ISG). Both IRF1 mRNA transcripts and the IRF1 protein itself are short-lived [14], allowing for rapid, dynamic regulation in response to infection.

What does STAT3 protein do?

Through its regulation of gene activity, the STAT3 protein is involved in many cellular functions. It helps control cell growth and division (proliferation), cell movement (migration), and the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis).

What activates IRF7?

IRF7 is activated by pathogenic nuclei acids through pathways mediated by TLR3, -7 and -9, RIG-I and likely DNA-dependent activator of IRF and IFI16, as well as by TLR2-mediated signaling pathway.

What does IRF3 produce?

IRF3 also functions as a negative regulator of gene expression, where, for example, IRF3 is directly recruited to the Il12b gene promoter and enhancer on RLR or cytosolic DNA sensor stimulation, where it suppresses Il12b mRNA induction by competing with IRF5, the bona fide transcriptional activator for the gene …