What are the abnormalities of pupil?

The main types of pupillary abnormalities include: Anisocoria: unequal pupil sizes. Horner’s syndrome: disruption of a nerve pathway from the brain to the one side of the face and that eye. Third nerve palsy: one eyelid is completely closed, and that eye has moved outward and downward.

What do unequal pupils usually indicate?

A misshapen and/or asymmetrical pupil is usually due to disease of the iris (Figure 1). Common causes for iris-related anisocoria include previous corneal or cataract surgery, posterior synechiae (adhesions to the lens) from previous uveitis, or ocular injury (traumatic mydriasis).

What is a Marcus Gunn pupil?

Introduction. Marcus Gunn pupil (MGP) is the term given to an abnormal pupil showing aberrant pupillary response in certain ocular disorders. In literature, the term is often used synonymously with Marcus Gunn phenomenon or relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD).

What are the different types of pupils?

What different pupil shapes are there?

  • Circular.
  • Horizontal slits.
  • Vertical slits.
  • W-shaped.
  • Crescent shaped.

What causes deformed pupils?

A coloboma is a defect in the iris of the eye. It can appear as a black notch of varying depth at the edge of the pupil, giving the pupil an irregular shape. Coloboma may be associated with hereditary conditions, trauma to the eye, or eye surgery.

What is scalloped pupil?

In addition, the irises have a characteristic uneven pattern known as “scalloping” at the inner (pupillary) edge. The pupils are enlarged (dilated) and are fixed, which means they do not get smaller (constrict) in response to light.

Why is 1 pupil bigger than the other?

What causes uneven pupils? Slight differences between the two pupils may be present in up to 20 percent of people. This is called “physiologic anisocoria” and is normal. In these cases, there are no other symptoms and both of the person’s pupils react to changes in light.

What does it mean when 1 pupil is bigger than the other?

If there are no other symptoms and if the pupils return to normal, then it is nothing to worry about. Unequal pupil sizes of more than 1 mm that develop later in life and do not return to equal size may be a sign of an eye, brain, blood vessel, or nerve disease.

What is reverse Argyll Robertson pupil?

‘Inverse Argyll Robertson pupil’ or inverse light-near dissociation is usually ascribed to central nervous system dysfunction. A patient with botulism developed pupils reactive to light but poorly to near stimuli six weeks following initial presentation with complete ophthalmoplegia.

What is the normal size of pupils?

The normal pupil size in adults varies from 2 to 4 mm in diameter in bright light to 4 to 8 mm in the dark. The pupils are generally equal in size. They constrict to direct illumination (direct response) and to illumination of the opposite eye (consensual response). The pupil dilates in the dark.

What is it called when a pupil is not round?

Anisocoria is a condition in which the pupil of one eye differs in size from the pupil of the other eye. Yourpupils are the black circles in the center of your eyes. They are usually the same size. Anisocoria can be caused by several things. You can be born with this condition or develop it later.