What are the quinolone drugs?

Fluoroquinolones are a class of antibiotics approved to treat or prevent certain bacterial infections. The fluoroquinolone antibiotics include ciprofloxacin (Cipro), gemifloxacin (Factive), levofloxacin (Levaquin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), and ofloxacin (Floxin).

What class of antibiotics are quinolones?

THIRD GENERATION. The third-generation quinolones currently include levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and sparfloxacin. These agents are separated into a third class because of their expanded activity against gram-positive organisms, particularly penicillin-sensitive and penicillin-resistant S.

What is the mechanism of quinolones?

The mechanism of quinolone inhibition occurs via formation of a ternary cleavage complex with the topoisomerase enzyme and DNA Figure 2 (Hiasa and Shea, 2000). However, the molecular details of the mode of action of these drugs remain unclear.

What is the other name for quinolones?

There are several different types of antibiotics that may be used for various infections, but quinolones (also known as fluoroquinolones) are a type of infectious disease medication used primarily when there is a concern for multidrug resistance from other antibiotics.

Is amoxicillin a quinolone?

Amoxicillin is a penicillin-type antibiotic and Cipro is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.

What enzyme is inhibited by quinolones?

The quinolone class of antibiotics inhibits the DNA synthesis of bacteria by disrupting the bacterial topoisomerase type II; inhibiting the catalytic activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. These two enzymes are critical bacterial enzymes that regulate the chromosomal supercoiling required for DNA synthesis.

What are the side effects of quinolones?

Abstract. Fluoroquinolones are generally very safe antibiotics which do not cause serious or life-threatening adverse reactions. The most frequent side-effects are gastrointestinal reactions (nausea, dyspepsia, vomiting) and CNS reactions such as dizziness, insomnia and headache.

What are the 7 main types of antibiotics?

7 Types of Antibiotics

  • Penicillins such as penicillin and amoxicillin.
  • Cephalosporins such as cephalexin (Keflex)
  • Macrolides such as erythromycin (E-Mycin), clarithromycin (Biaxin), and azithromycin (Zithromax)
  • Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofolxacin (Cipro), levofloxacin (Levaquin), and ofloxacin (Floxin)

Are quinolones bactericidal?

Quinolones are a class of antibiotics structurally related to nalidixic acid. They exhibit bactericidal activity primarily by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase.