What lab values indicate multiple myeloma?

The diagnosis of multiple myeloma requires either:

  • A plasma cell tumor (proven by biopsy)
  • At least 10% of the cells in the bone marrow be plasma cells.
  • M protein over a certain level in the blood (3g/dL)
  • M protein in the urine over a certain level (1g/dL)
  • Holes in bones due to tumor growth are found on imaging studies.

What test results indicate multiple myeloma?

Specialized tests, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can analyze myeloma cells to identify gene mutations. Imaging tests. Imaging tests may be recommended to detect bone problems associated with multiple myeloma. Tests may include an X-ray, MRI, CT or positron emission tomography (PET).

What levels are elevated in multiple myeloma?

Characteristics of multiple myeloma include elevated levels of M protein and plasma cells in the serum and/or urine, a percentage of plasma cells in the bone marrow over 30%, anemia, renal failure, hypercalcemia and osteolytic lesions.

Is WBC high in multiple myeloma?

Infections. Myeloma patients have reduced white blood cell counts, meaning their bodies are less likely to produce the lymphocytes and antibodies necessary to fight infection. Therefore, patients are at significant risk of contracting infections, like pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and shingles.

Does multiple myeloma cause low WBC?

Multiple myeloma most commonly causes: Low red blood cell count (anemia), which can lead to fatigue and shortness of breath. Low white blood cell count, which makes you more likely to get infections.

Does multiple myeloma cause low platelets?

Multiple myeloma can also cause the level of platelets in the blood to become low (called thrombocytopenia). This can lead to increased bleeding and bruising. Another condition that can develop is leukopenia (a shortage of normal white blood cells).

Is CRP elevated in multiple myeloma?

CRP, or C Reactive Protein. A high level of this protein in the blood is often seen in myeloma patients and increases with active disease.

Are lymphocytes low in multiple myeloma?

Myeloma patients have reduced white blood cell counts, meaning their bodies are less likely to produce the lymphocytes and antibodies necessary to fight infection. Therefore, patients are at significant risk of contracting infections, like pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and shingles.

Why is calcium High in multiple myeloma?

Because myeloma patients often have irreversible impairment in renal function and increased renal tubular calcium reabsorption, the capacity of the kidneys to clear excess calcium load from the circulation effectively is overwhelmed, resulting in elevated serum calcium levels.

Is WBC normal in multiple myeloma?

Shortages of red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets are common in multiple myeloma and might lead to other symptoms. Anemia: A reduced number of red blood cells that can cause weakness, a reduced ability to exercise, shortness of breath, and dizziness.