What are the 3 levels of attachment according to Ainsworth?

Based on these observations, Ainsworth concluded that there were three major styles of attachment: secure attachment, ambivalent-insecure attachment, and avoidant-insecure attachment.

What is the Preattachment phase?

The first phase is called the pre-attachment phase. In this phase, newborns call caregivers to their side. They will cry or smile, which helps keep people close by. Infants may recognize their caregivers, but they do not show a preference for them over strangers. This phase lasts until about 6 weeks of age.

What are Bowlby’s stages of attachment?

Bowlby specified four phases of child-caregiver attachment development: 0-3 months, 3-6 months, 6 months to 3 years, and 3 years through the end of childhood. Expanding on Bowlby’s ideas, Mary Ainsworth pointed to three attachment patterns: secure attachment, avoidant attachment, and resistant attachment.

What are the four attachment disorders?

Bowlby identified four types of attachment styles: secure, anxious-ambivalent, disorganised and avoidant.

What did Schaffer and Emerson do?

Rudolph Schaffer and Peggy Emerson (1964) investigated if attachment develops through a series of stages, by studying 60 babies at monthly intervals for the first 18 months of life (this is known as a longitudinal study).

What are the 4 attachment styles of adults?

Based on his theory, four adult attachment styles were identified: 1. anxious-preoccupied, 2. avoidant-dismissive , 3. disorganized / fearful-avoidant, and 4….How does each of the four attachment styles manifest in adults?

  • Anxious / Preoccupied.
  • Avoidant / Dismissive.
  • Disorganized / Fearful-Avoidant.
  • Secure Attachment.

What did Schaffer and Emerson conclude?

Conclusions: The conclusion of the study was that attachment develops in stages. These findings led Schaffer and Emerson to develop the Stages of Attachment. ·Baby is recognising and forming bonds with its carers·Baby’s behaviour towards humans and non-human objects is similar.