How can you tell the difference between AFLP and HELLP?
How can you tell the difference between AFLP and HELLP?
The primary difference between the two diseases can be seen in the measure of the patient’s ability to clot and their platelet levels. AFLP typically causes more abnormal clotting issues. HELLP syndrome patients tend to have a more progressive decrease in their platelet count, which can be measured over time.
How is AFLP diagnosed?
The best way to diagnose AFLP is by a liver biopsy. This involves taking a sample of liver tissue for exam under a microscope. It may not always be possible in pregnancy. Most often, your symptoms of AFLP are enough to diagnose the condition.
Which liver enzymes are elevated in HELLP syndrome?
The frequency and severity of elevation of liver aminotransferases are much higher in HELLP syndrome than in severe preeclampsia. Thus, elevation in liver transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and uric acid in the setting of severe preeclampsia might indicate a progression to HELLP syndrome.
What are lab values for HELLP syndrome?
Complete HELLP syndrome is characterized by the following: Platelet count of 100,000/μL or less. AST or ALT levels of 70 IU/L or more. LDH (or bilirubin) (with hemolysis as evidenced on abnormal peripheral smear) levels of 600 IU/L (≥0.2 mg/dL) or more.
What is AFLP marker?
Summary. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is a PCR-based technique that uses selective amplification of a subset of digested DNA fragments to generate and compare unique fingerprints for genomes of interest.
What labs are elevated with HELLP?
Criteria for Diagnosis
| Hemolysis | Elevated Liver Enzymes | |
|---|---|---|
| Sibai Criteria (1993) | Abnormal peripheral smear (schistocytes) LDH >600 U/L Bilirubin >1.2 mg/dL | AST >70 U/L |
| AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase Source: Rajasekhar, American Society of Hematology (ASH), 2013 |
Why is there hemolysis in HELLP syndrome?
The hemolysis in HELLP syndrome is a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Red blood cells become fragmented as they pass through small blood vessels with endothelial damage and fibrin deposits.
What lab values indicate preeclampsia?
Severe preeclampsia occurs when a pregnant woman has any of the following: Systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg or higher on two occasions at least 4 hours apart while the patient is on bed rest.
Which laboratory test is specific to diagnosing HELLP syndrome and is not utilized for diagnosis of other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?
Platelet count appears to be the most reliable indicator of the presence of HELLP syndrome. The D-dimer test may be a useful tool for the early identification of patients with preeclampsia who may develop severe HELLP syndrome.
Why AFLP is dominant marker?
AFLP are multilocus markers and their mode of inheritance is dominant. The genotyping technology is rather simple. The main advantages of this system are the relative ease of the genotyping, the relative high number of loci detected in each reaction, and the reliability of the system.
What is the difference between RFLP and AFLP?
Both RFLPs and AFLPs involve differences in the lengths of DNA fragments. The two techniques differ because RFLPs are revealed by digestion with restriction enzymes, whereas AFLPs involve both digestion with restriction enzymes and a selective amplification step.
