What are the standard of lighting in underground & opencast mines?
What are the standard of lighting in underground & opencast mines?
In opencast mining efficient lighting system is required while working during dark hours….Table of Minimum standards for underground lighting (CMR, 1957)
| PLACE | MINIMUM AVERAGE ILLUMINATION LEVEL (lux) |
|---|---|
| Pit bottom Main junctions Roadways Haulage engines, control gear and haulage drum | 15-30 12.5 4 15 |
Which lamp is used in underground mines?
Flame Safety Lamp is a type that used in underground Coalmines and other hazardous gassy areas.
What headlamps do miners use?
The miners cap lights provide a typical luminance of 6,500LUX, and guarantee a minimum of 5,000LUX. This makes these lighting solutions the most powerful miners headlamps available on the market, even when up against other quality products like Koehler mining lights.
What is MSHA approved?
Federal regulations require the approval or certification of certain mining products for use in underground coal and gassy underground metal mines. Technical experts from MSHA’s Approval and Certification Center (A&CC) evaluate and test equipment, instruments, and materials for compliance.
What type of lighting arrangement is provided in underground coal mine?
Fixed light sources almost always use alternating current whereas portable sources such as cap lamps and underground vehicle headlights use a DC battery. Not all light source types are suitable for direct current. Tungsten filament lamps are most common, often with a frosted bulb and a shield to reduce glare.
What is a miners light called?
Miner’s Safety Lamp The “safety” mining lamp was a tremendous step forward in preventing mining disasters. Encasing the flame in metal gauze prevented the flame from escaping the lamp and igniting the combustible gases (called firedamp), as would happen with the open flames of carbide or oil-wick lamps.
What do miners use to protect their eyes?
Good, top quality sunglasses provide comfort and complete protection even during lengthy exposure to harsh glare. Sunglasses — with or without a prescription — that can block out nearly all UV rays are now readily available, protecting the eyes and significantly reducing the risk of vision problems caused by sunlight.
What is a miners hat called?
It consists of a white material (linen) and served in the Middle Ages to protect the miner when descending below ground (unter Tage). Later it was replaced by the miner’s hat (Fahrhut or Schachthut), from which the leather cap or helmet were developed and subsequently today’s mining helmets.
What are the lighting source in mines?
In many mines the battery-operated cap lamp is the most important single source of light. Although fluorescent cap lamps are in use, by far the majority of cap lamps use tungsten filament battery-operated cap lamps.
