Which enzyme cofactor is pyridoxal phosphate?

Pyridoxal phosphate is a cofactor of L-histidine decarboxylase. This allows for conversion of histidine into histamine.

Is pyridoxal a cofactor?

Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate–Dependent Epilepsy. Pyridoxal 5′–phosphate is the “active” form of vitamin B6; that is, it serves as the cofactor for the enzymes involved in neurotransmitter biosynthesis.

What is the active cofactor form of vitamin B6?

pyridoxal 5′-phosphate
Its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, serves as a coenzyme in more than 140 enzyme reactions in amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Plants synthesize pyridoxine as a means of protection from the ultraviolet-B radiation of sunlight and to participate in synthesis of chlorophyll.

What is the role of pyridoxine?

Vitamin B6 plays an important role in the body. It is needed to maintain the health of nerves, skin, and red blood cells. Pyridoxine has been used to prevent or treat a certain nerve disorder (peripheral neuropathy) caused by certain medications (such as isoniazid).

How does the B vitamin pyridoxine vitamin B6 function in chemical reactions?

The chemical structure of the vitamin B6 family is as follows: Vitamin B6 is active in its coenzyme form of pyridoxol phosphate and functions in the formation and breakdown of amino acids, and hence indirectly of protein, and in the regulation of blood glucose levels.

What is a PLP dependent enzyme?

In addition to the diversity of reaction specificity, PLP-dependent enzymes are involved in many key cellular processes and metabolism. These enzymes are involved in the amino acid metabolism and production of amino acid-derived metabolites.

Which type of reaction most likely requires the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate?

Pyridoxal phosphate acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions, and in some oxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of pyridoxal phosphate forms a Schiff-base linkage with the epsilon-amino group of a specific lysine group of the aminotransferase enzyme.

What does pyridoxal mean?

Definition of pyridoxal : a crystalline aldehyde C8H9NO3 of the vitamin B6 group that occurs as a phosphate and is active as a coenzyme.

What is a pyridoxal effect?

Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate deficiency causes a loss of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in patients and human neuroblastoma cells, implications for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase and vitamin B(6) deficiency states.

What is coenzyme B6?

Vitamin B6, or pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin found naturally in many foods, as well as added to foods and supplements. Pyridoxal 5′ phosphate (PLP) is the active coenzyme form and most common measure of B6 blood levels in the body.

What is the deficiency of pyridoxine?

Vitamin B6 deficiency is usually caused by pyridoxine-inactivating drugs (eg, isoniazid), protein-energy undernutrition, malabsorption, alcoholism, or excessive loss. Deficiency can cause peripheral neuropathy, seborrheic dermatitis, glossitis, and cheilosis, and, in adults, depression, confusion, and seizures.