Where does Hofmann elimination occur in the body?

The authors developed a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model in which hepatic and/or renal elimination occurs from the central compartment (Cl organ), and Hofmann elimination and ester hydrolysis occur from both central and peripheral compartments (Cl nonorgan).

What is Hofmann elimination anesthesia?

Hoffman elimination is a temperature and pH-dependent process and is slowed by acidosis and hypothermia. The remainder is metabolized via ester hydrolysis by non-specific esterases in the plasma that are unrelated to pseudocholinesterase. A drop in pH enhances the rate of ester hydrolysis.

Where is atracurium metabolised?

Abstract. Atracurium is a new neuromuscular blocking agent which has an unique mode of elimination by spontaneous degradation in slightly alkali solution, according to the Hofmann elimination. The Hofmann elimination is completed in plasma (in vitro or in vivo) by an ester hydrolysis.

Which of the following can be a side effect of giving a patient atracurium?

allergic reactions (such as skin flushing [skin redness or warmth], redness, itching, wheezing, and hives), low blood pressure, fast or slow heart rate, shortness of breath, or.

Which among the following will give Hofmann elimination?

Solution : a. The oxidation fo `3^@` amine to amine oxide follwed by cope roeaction on heating gives Hofmann alkene (less substiudted ) .

How does Hofmann elimination work?

Hofmann’s elimination is the process of creating tertiary amines and alkenes from the treatment of quaternary ammonium with excess methyl iodide, and the treatment of the resulting compound with silver oxide, water, and heat.

What is the difference between rocuronium and atracurium?

Conclusion: Rocuronium has minimal side effects, provides conditions more suitable for rapid tracheal intubation, and is associated with a shorter clinical duration than atracurium. Once begun, the spontaneous recovery profile of rocuronium is slightly slower than that of atracurium.

How is rocuronium metabolized?

The results demonstrate that rocuronium is taken up by the liver and excreted into bile in high concentrations. The faecal and urinary excretion of unchanged rocuronium are the major routes of rocuronium elimination.

Is there an antidote for atracurium?

Once evidence of spontaneous recovery is present, the neuromuscular block produced by atracurium besilate can be rapidly reversed by standard doses of anticholinesterase agents, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, accompanied or preceded by atropine or glycopyrrolate, with no evidence of recurarisation.