What is variable region in antibody structure?

The variable region includes the ends of the light and heavy chains. Treating the antibody with a protease can cleave this region, producing Fab or fragment antigen binding that include the variable ends of an antibody.

What is meant by the variable region of an immunoglobulin?

variable region. The portion of the amino (NH2) terminal of an antibody’s heavy and light chains having a variable amino acid sequence. The structure of the variable region determines the antigenic specificity of the antibody.

Which is characteristic of variable domains of immunoglobulins?

Immunoglobulins are heterodimeric proteins composed of two heavy (H) and two light (L) chains. They can be separated functionally into variable (V) domains that binds antigens and constant (C) domains that specify effector functions such as activation of complement or binding to Fc receptors.

What is the basic structure of immunoglobulin?

Basic Structure of an Immunoglobulin. Antibodies are Y-shaped tetra-peptide molecules consisting of two identical heavy (H) chains and two identical light (L) chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Each light chain is bound to a heavy chain by a disulfide bond to form a heterodimer (H-L).

How many variable regions are in an antibody?

Each of the four chains has a variable (V) region at its amino terminus, which contributes to the antigen-binding site, and a constant (C) region, which determines the isotype. The isotype of the heavy chain determines the functional properties of the antibody.

Why is the variable region important in the formation of an antigen antibody complex?

Within each antigenic site, the variable region of the antibody “arm” interacts through weak noncovalent forces with antigen at numerous sites. The greater the interaction, the stronger the affinity. Avidity is perhaps a more informative measure of the overall stability or strength of the antibody-antigen complex.

What are variable regions?

variable region –> V region. (Science: molecular biology) Those regions in the amino acid sequence of both the heavy and the light chains of immunoglobulins where there is considerable sequence variability from one immunoglobulin to other of the same class, in contrast to constant sequence (C) regions.

What are variable and constant regions of antibody?

What is a variable domain?

domain of a variable. domain of a variable. The base set of numbers or quantities that can be mapped to a second set. In elementary algebra, the domain of a function y = f(x) is the set of values that the independent variable x can take.

How many variable regions does an antibody have?

Which of the following is the most variable region of an antibody molecule?

The Fab region (fragment, antigen binding) is, by definition, the most variable region of the antibody molecule, since it is the part of the molecule that interacts with and binds to antigens.

What are the functions of the variable and constant regions of antibody?

Historically, antibodies have been thought to be composed of distinct structural domains known as the variable and constant regions that are responsible for antigen binding and mediating effector functions such as opsonization and complement activation, respectively.

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