What is the normal range of pelvic incidence?

33° to 85°
Pelvic incidence has become one of the most important sagittal parameters in spinal surgery. Despite its great importance, pelvic incidence can vary from 33° to 85° in the normal population.

What is high pelvic incidence?

Pelvic incidence could be conceptualized as the sum of pelvic tilt and sacral slope. With regard to functional hip anatomy, these pelvic sagittal parameters affect spine curves such as lumbar lordosis and kyphosis as well as the hip through the interrelationship among the spine, pelvis, and hips [13, 16, 28].

What is pelvic incidence?

], is independent of subject and spine positions: pelvic incidence is defined as the angle between a line perpendicular to the sacral plate at its midpoint and a line connecting this point to the femoral head axis.

What does low pelvic incidence mean?

A low value of pelvic Incidence, 44° or less (mean−1SD), decreases sacral slope and, then, lordosis is flattened. A high value of pelvic Incidence, 62° or more (mean+1SD), increases sacral slope and, then, lordosis is more pronounced (Fig.

What is a normal pelvic tilt angle?

It is normal for both males and females to have a slight anterior (forward) pelvic tilt, of about 6-7 degrees. This is because of how the pelvis bones are shaped. When the tilt is greater than 6-7 degrees, or whenever an excessively forward tilted pelvis causes pain is when is the time to be concerned.

What is normal sacral slope?

The normal range of value for the sacral slope was from −32° to −49°, from 3° to 18° for the pelvic tilting. The same accordance was observed for the lumbar lordosis (52–75° in numerous works) for all that the limits of the measured curvature were identical.

How is pelvic incidence measured?

The pelvic incidence (PI) is measured as an angle formed by two vectors: 1) The line joining the bicoxo-femoral axis to the center of the sacral end plate and 2) A line perpendicular to the sacral endplate.

How is pelvic incidence calculated?

Pelvic incidence (PI), or pelvisacral angle, is defined as the angle between a line perpendicular to the sacral plate at its midpoint and a line connecting the same point to the center of the bicoxofemoral axis. This number is fixed and some believe it is the angle on which all other spinal curves are based.

What is a normal pelvic tilt?

What is pelvic slope?

Pelvic tilt and sacral slope are two angles directly correlated with the pelvic incidence angle. The angle of incidence is the algebraic sum of two angles: pelvic tilt (PT) and sacral slope (SS). This may be easily demonstrated.

What is angle of pelvic inclination?

The pelvic inclination angle is defined as the angle between the horizontal and a line drawn between the ASIS and the PSIS. Source publication. Intra-Tester and Inter-Tester Reliability of Measures of Pelvic Inclinometer in Standing Using Hand Held and Mounted Pelvic Inclinometer in Asymptomatic Individuals. Article.

What is a normal sacral slope?

Analysis and interpretation of pelvic parameters and values. Pelvic incidence (PI) determines the relative position of the sacral plate in relation to the femoral heads. The lower value of PI is approximately 35°, the higher around 85° and the average being 51.9° [8].

What is the meaning of pelvic incidence?

Pelvic incidence (PI) is an angle between a line perpendicular to the sacral end plate at its midpoint and a line from the center of the femoral head to the sacral end plate midpoint (Fig. 31.1C). This is a fixed anatomic parameter, unlike pelvic tilt and sacral slope, which may change to maintain global alignment.

How is the incidence of pelvic fractures calculated?

Pelvic incidence is calculated by combining the angles of a patient’s sacral slope and pelvic tilt, where these components are variable.

Which pelvic parameters are most commonly measured?

The pelvic parameters that are commonly measured for these patients are pelvic tilt, sacral slope, and pelvic incidence (PI). Out of the three, PI has always been considered to be the fixed measurement, whereas pelvic tilt and sacral slope have the capacity to change in relation to external forces.