What is the metabolic pathway of fructose?

Fructose is metabolized almost completely in the liver in humans, and is directed toward replenishment of liver glycogen and triglyceride synthesis, while much of dietary glucose passes through the liver and goes to skeletal muscle, where it is metabolized to CO2, H2O and ATP, and to fat cells where it is metabolized …

How fructose enters the glycolytic pathway?

In the liver, galactose is converted to glucose-6-phosphate in order to enter the glycolytic pathway. Fructose is converted into glycogen in the liver and then follows the same pathway as glycogen to enter glycolysis.

Where does fructose metabolism occur?

Fructose metabolism in the liver involves phosphorylation by the enzyme fructokinase followed by a split in the resulting product, fructose-1-phosphate, into glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate by the enzyme aldolase B.

What causes fructose metabolism?

Exogenous fructose is absorbed through glucose transport proteins (GLUT) 5 and 2 across the intestinal epithelium and is metabolized (mainly in the liver) by the enzymes fructokinase, aldolase B, and triokinase.

Which enzyme catalyses the entry of fructose to the glycolytic pathway?

Phosphorylation of the hydroxyl group on C1 forming fructose-1,6- bisphosphate. Enzyme: phosphofructokinase. This allosteric enzyme regulates the pace of glycolysis.

What is the structure and function of fructose?

The structure of fructose, like all simple sugars, can be expressed as a six-carbon linear chain with hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. In its crystalline form and in solution, however, most of it exists as two hemiketal rings: β-D-fructopyranose* (top) and β-D-fructofuranose* (bottom).

What is the ring structure of fructose called?

hemiketal ring
Molecular and Structure Formula Of Fructose Fructose is a hexose however it exists as a 5-member hemiketal ring.

How is fructose metabolized differently from glucose?

If excess glucose is consumed in the diet, it will first be stored as glycogen, and secondarily as fat. Fructose on the other hand, takes a different path. When fructose is consumed, it is exclusively metabolized in the liver, where a particular enzyme, fructokinase, will allow for the uptake of fructose (3).

How does fructose metabolism meet up with glucose metabolism?

Fructose is metabolized primarily in your liver. Fructose can be used to make glucose through gluconeogenesis, or it can be used to produce energy through glycolysis. However, in contrast to glucose, fructose enters glycolysis at a step that bypasses the regulatory control exerted by phosphofructokinase.

What organ is the main site of fructose metabolism?

the liver
While it is commonly believed that the liver is the main site of fructose metabolism, Jang et al. show that it is actually the small intestine that clears most dietary fructose, and this is enhanced by feeding. High fructose doses spill over to the liver and to the colonic microbiota.

How is the metabolism of fructose different from glucose?

The main difference between glucose and fructose metabolism is that glucose can readily enter glycolysis whereas fructose first converts into the by-products of the glycolysis, which then undergo cellular respiration by entering through the Krebs cycle.