What is the immune response to influenza?

Influenza virus mainly induces two types of innate immune cytokine responses: a proinflammatory response and an antiviral response. Recently, the NLRP3 inflammasome has proved to be an essential component in the host defense against influenza infection.

How does the immune system react to the flu vaccine?

The most common side effects from flu shots are soreness, redness, tenderness or swelling where the shot was given. Low-grade fever, headache and muscle aches also may occur. If these reactions occur, they usually begin soon after vaccination and last 1-2 days.

Which influenza vaccination could provide a stronger immune response?

Fluzone High-Dose Quadrivalent contains four times the antigen, the part of the vaccine that helps your body build up protection against flu viruses, than Fluzone Quadrivalent and other standard-dose inactivated flu vaccines.

What adjuvant is used in flu vaccine?

Alum is the most commonly included adjuvant in influenza vaccines, but even then is only included in five vaccines. The other adjuvants used are virosomes (Inflexal V), MF59 (FluAd), AS03 (Pandemrix).

What are the immunodominant antigens of influenza?

The influenza B virus hemagglutinin contains four major antigenic sites (the 120 loop, the 150 loop, the 160 loop, and the 190 helix) within the head domain. These immunodominant antigenic sites are the main targets of neutralizing antibodies and are subject to antigenic drift.

Does getting the flu make your immune system stronger?

It is true that a flu infection will stimulate the immune system more strongly than the vaccine will, said Tan, but that comes with a price. “As a country, we don’t think flu is a big deal, but it is deceivingly serious,” Tan said.

Does the flu strengthen your immune system?

What type of immunity is the flu vaccine?

Active Immunity – antibodies that develop in a person’s own immune system after the body is exposed to an antigen through a disease or when you get an immunization (i.e. a flu shot). This type of immunity lasts for a long time.

Does the flu shot temporarily weaken your immune?

They found that getting an annual flu vaccination did not weaken the immune system. As a group, the people who got the flu shot annually appeared to have a better immune response to influenza than those vaccinated only once.

Do you have antibodies after the flu?

This process works as follows: a person infected with a flu virus develops antibodies against that virus; as the virus changes, the “older” antibodies no longer recognizes the “newer” virus, and the person gets sick. The older antibodies can, however, provide partial protection against newer viruses.