What is termination in translation in biology?
What is termination in translation in biology?
Translation termination occurs when the ribosome encounters a stop codon (UAG, UAA, or UGA) in the A site. Stop codons in bacteria are recognized by RF1 and RF2: RF1 recognizes UAG and UAA codons, whereas RF2 recognizes UGA and UAA.
What is translation in biology short definition?
Listen to pronunciation. (trans-LAY-shun) In biology, the process by which a cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA is made by copying DNA, and the information it carries tells the cell how to link amino acids together to form proteins.
What is in translation in biology?
In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome, outside the nucleus, to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell.
What are the three stages of translation called?
Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
What is elongation in translation?
Extending the chain: Elongation Elongation is the stage where the amino acid chain gets longer. In elongation, the mRNA is read one codon at a time, and the amino acid matching each codon is added to a growing protein chain.
What is translation in biology class 12?
Translation refers to the process of polymerization of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence of bases in the mRNA and the amino acids are joined by a bond which is known as a peptide bond.
What is translation in biology 10th?
Translation Definition Translation refers to the process of creating proteins from an mRNA template. The sequence of nucleotides on the RNA is translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins and this reaction is carried out by ribosomes.
What translation means?
Translation Translation, as related to genomics, is the process through which information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) directs the addition of amino acids during protein synthesis.
What are the 3 stopping codons?
Definition. A stop codon is a sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) in DNA or messenger RNA (mRNA) that signals a halt to protein synthesis in the cell. There are 64 different trinucleotide codons: 61 specify amino acids and 3 are stop codons (i.e., UAA, UAG and UGA).