What is T-DNA in Agrobacterium?

The transfer DNA (abbreviated T-DNA) is the transferred DNA of the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid of some species of bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes(actually an Ri plasmid). The T-DNA is transferred from bacterium into the host plant’s nuclear DNA genome.

How is T-DNA transfer from Agrobacterium to plant cells?

The genus Agrobacterium is unique in its ability to conduct interkingdom genetic exchange. Virulent Agrobacterium strains transfer single-strand forms of T-DNA (T-strands) and several Virulence effector proteins through a bacterial type IV secretion system into plant host cells.

How many types of Agrobacterium are there?

Although the taxonomy of Agrobacterium is currently under revision it can be generalised that 3 biovars exist within the genus, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Agrobacterium rhizogenes, and Agrobacterium vitis.

What is a T-DNA insertion?

The insertion of a T-DNA fragment into a plant host genome is a consequence of a natural transformation process where an Agrobacterium infection results in the transfer of a DNA fragment flanked by 25 bp border sequences (the T-DNA) from a heavily modified tumor inducing Ti plasmid into the infected plant’s genome (12) …

What is the mode of T-DNA transfer and integration?

The T-DNA is integrated into the plant genome by illegitimate recombination (IR), a mechanism that joins two DNA molecules that do not share extensive homology, in this case the plant DNA and T-DNA. In higher eukaryotic organisms such as plants, IR is the predominant mechanism of DNA integration (6, 7).

How is T-DNA inserted into a plant?

What is Agrobacterium transformation method?

Abstract. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) heavily relies on the capability of bacterial pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens in transferring foreign genes into a wide variety of host plants. Currently, AMT is the most commonly used method for generating transgenic plants.

What is T-DNA insertion?

What is Agrobacterium method?

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) heavily relies on the capability of bacterial pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens in transferring foreign genes into a wide variety of host plants. Currently, AMT is the most commonly used method for generating transgenic plants.

Which parts of the T-DNA are involved in infection?

The bacterium contains a plasmid (the tumour-inducing or Ti plasmid), part of which (the T-DNA) integrates into the host plant chromosomes (Fig. 1B). The Ti plasmid contains several genes including the vir genes which control the process of infection of the plant and transfer of the T-DNA to the chromosome.