What is SSPE?

Definition. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurological disorder of children and young adults that affects the central nervous system (CNS). It is a slow, but persistent, viral infection caused by defective measles virus.

How is SSPE diagnosed?

The diagnosis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis may be confirmed by clinical evaluation and blood testing that reveals abnormally high levels of the measles antibody. Examination of the electrical activity of the brain (EEG) usually shows a characteristic pattern.

Which infection has a complication of SSPE?

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a devastating complication of the measles virus.

Is SSPE genetic?

There are several reports describing presence of SSPE is close relatives and it has been described previously in sibling and twin pairs. A genetic susceptibility for development of SSPE is likely. In fact, a variety of genetic abnormalities have already been described in patients with SSPE.

How common is SSPE?

SSPE is a rare condition. It occurs in about 2 per 100,000 cases of natural measles. It is more common in developing countries because there is a higher rate of natural measles infection and less vaccination coverage.

How is SSPE treated?

Treatment for SSPE is still undetermined. A combination of oral isoprinosine (Inosiplex) and intraventricular interferon alfa appears to be the best effective treatment. Patients responding to treatment need to receive it life long.

What is the incidence of SSPE?

Evidence was provided that the true incidence of SSPE is approximately 4–11 cases per 100 000 cases of measles, although with measles infection acquired very early in life the risk may be higher (18 per 100 000 cases). A risk as high as 27.9 SSPE cases per 100 000 cases of measles has been cited.

Can you survive SSPE?

No cure for SSPE exists, and the condition is almost always fatal. SSPE should not be confused with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, which can also be caused by the measles virus, but has a very different timing and course. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Can vaccines cause SSPE?

Results: Epidemiological data showed that successful measles immunization programmes protect against SSPE and, consistent with virological data, that measles vaccine virus does not cause SSPE.

Can you prevent SSPE?

The only way to prevent SSPE is to get the measles vaccine. According to the World Health Organization , the measles vaccine has been available for 50 years. It’s effective, safe, and inexpensive.

How do you prevent SSPE measles?

Immunization against measles is the only known prevention for SSPE. The measles vaccine has been highly effective in reducing the numbers of affected children. Measles immunization should be done according to the recommended American Academy of Pediatrics and Centers for Disease Control schedule.