What is p53 therapy?

The p53-targeted therapy approach began with the identification of compounds capable of restoring/reactivating wild-type p53 functions or eliminating mutant p53. Treatments that directly target mutant p53 are extremely structure and drug-species-dependent.

What is the target of p53?

p53 directly activates target genes that mediate various functions. Proteins encoded by p53 target genes function in multiple processes that include, but are not limited to, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, apoptosis, metabolism, autophagy, translation control and feedback mechanisms.

What are the two roles of p53?

P53 can induce apoptosis in a genetically unstable cell by interacting with many pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors. Furthermore, P53 can activate autophagy, which also plays a role in tumour suppression. P53 also regulates many metabolic pathways of glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism.

How does p53 cure cancer?

The p53 gene prevents this by activating proteins that arrest cell division and repair corrupted DNA. In cases where the DNA damage is irreparable, the p53 gene initiates a process called apoptosis that destroys the cancer cell before it reproduces itself.

Why is it important to study p53?

These observations made it clear that the p53 protein plays a central role in preventing cancers in humans and animals and the field turned its attention to elucidating the functions of the p53 protein. The p53 protein was shown to bind to specific DNA sequences or response elements (RE’s) (el-Deiry et al.

What does p53 positive mean?

found that p53 expression, defined as a single cancer cell with positive p53 staining, was significantly correlated with large tumor size and negative ER/PgR status, and was a prognostic indicator of OS and failure-free survival in early-stage breast cancer (19).

Why is the p53 gene important?

By stopping cells with mutated or damaged DNA from dividing, p53 helps prevent the development of tumors. Because p53 is essential for regulating DNA repair and cell division, it has been nicknamed the “guardian of the genome.”

What is the most common kind of cancer associated p53 mutation?

Facts. TP53 missense mutations are the most common mutation in human cancers. Although missense TP53 mutations occur at ~190 codons in the gene, eight of these mutations make up ~28% of all p53 mutations.

What is p53 and what is its role?

The TP53 gene provides instructions for making a protein called tumor protein p53 (or p53). This protein acts as a tumor suppressor, which means that it regulates cell division by keeping cells from growing and dividing (proliferating) too fast or in an uncontrolled way.