What is oxidative desulphurization?
What is oxidative desulphurization?
Oxidative desulfurization, in which the aromatic sulfur containing compounds are oxidized to their analogical sulfones and subsequently extracted, has assured to be one of the exceedingly effective desulfurization processes for resulting ultra-low sulfur import fuels.
What is desulphurization of crude oil?
Desulfurization is the process of removing sulfur from crude oil (or its fractions). It prevents contamination and also improves the efficiency of petroleum. Desulfurization removes elemental sulfur and its compounds from solids, liquids and gases.
What is desulphurization process?
Desulfurization or desulphurisation is a chemical process for the removal of sulfur from a material. This involves either the removal of sulfur from a molecule (e.g. A=S → A:) or the removal of sulfur compounds from a mixture such as oil refinery streams.
Why should Sulphur be removed from crude oil?
Sulfur compounds are undesirable in refining process as they tend to deactivate some catalysts used in crude oil processing and cause corrosion problems in pipeline, pumping, and refining equipments.
How do you remove sulphur from fuel oil?
The process of removing SCC from the fuel oil includes two steps: oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst and extraction of oxidized sulfur compounds with aqueous acetonitrile.
How do you remove moisture from crude oil?
A process for removing water from heavy crude oil uses an inorganic salt which is a Group IA or Group IIA metal halide or nitrate salts. The crude oil is in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion with water content of 8% (by weight) or less. The salt is stirred into the crude oil. The resulting mixture is warmed.
Why is desulphurization needed?
The principle of desulphurization is to transfer the sulfur dissolved in the liquid steel to a CaO-rich slag phase. This process is typically carried out in a ladle furnace (LF). For this process to be successful, two conditions need to be fulfilled: The slag must be fully liquid (liquid fraction > 0.9).
What is desulphurization index?
Desulphurization potential – Desulphurization potential is also a function of the slag composition. To characterize the slag behaviour a lime saturation index defined by the ratio of the actual CaO (calcium oxide) content to the CaO content for lime saturated slags is generally used.
How do you reduce sulphur in oil?
Hydrodesulfurization is the most commonly used method in the petroleum industry to reduce the sulfur content of crude oil. In most cases HDS is performed by co-feeding oil and H2 to a fixed-bed reactor packed with an appropriate HDS catalyst.
How does sulphur affect crude oil quality?
Sulfur can also harm some of the catalysts used in refining process units so it must be removed from some intermediate streams before they can be fed to a conversion unit. As a general rule, a crude oil grade with high sulfur content will have a lower value. This type of crude is often referred to as a sour crude.
What is necessary to reduce sulphur from petroleum products?
To reduce the emission of sulphur dioxide in exhaust fumes. To increase efficiency of automobiles engines. To use sulphur removed from petroleum for commercial purposes.
How can you reduce the sulphur content of fuel?
While there are reactions that can reduce fuel sulfur content to 10ppm—the current EU standard—these require high pressure hydrogen, a metal catalyst and temperatures of 400°C. Lower quality, higher sulfur content diesel is often exported to countries with less stringent standards.
