What is Nanoprecipitation?
What is Nanoprecipitation?
Nanoprecipitation is a simple method used for encapsulation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in nanoparticles (11). The method results in instantaneous formation of nanoparticles, is easy to perform technique, can be easily scaled up and is a one-step procedure.
How does nanoparticle drug delivery work?
Through the manipulation of size, surface characteristics and material used, the nanoparticles can be developed into smart systems, encasing therapeutic and imaging agents as well as bearing stealth property. Further, these systems can deliver drug to specific tissues and provide controlled release therapy.
What drugs use nanoparticles?
Several anti-cancer drugs including paclitaxel, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil and dexamethasone have been successfully formulated using nanomaterials. Quantom dots, chitosan, Polylactic/glycolic acid (PLGA) and PLGA-based nanoparticles have also been used for in vitro RNAi delivery.
Which method is used to prepare nanoparticles?
The Polyol method is a chemical method for the synthesis of nanoparticles. This method uses nonaqueous liquid (polyol) as a solvent and reducing agent. The nonaqueous solvents that are used in this method have an advantage of minimizing surface oxidation and agglomeration.
Why are drugs encapsulated?
Encapsulation is commonly adopted in drug delivery systems to form a shell to protect a particular drug, and prevent it from leaching out before reaching the targeted site. The shell is usually made of hydrogel matrices or polymeric nanostructures that are able to entrap the targeted drug.
Which nanoparticles are FDA approved?
Table 1
| Name | Particle type/drug | Approval (year) |
|---|---|---|
| DaunoXome (Galen) | Liposomal daunorubicin (non‐PEGylated) | FDA (1996) |
| Myocet (Teva UK) | Liposomal doxorubicin (non‐PEGylated) | EMA (2000) |
| Abraxane (Celgene) | Albumin‐particle bound paclitaxel | FDA (2005) EMA (2008) |
| Marqibo (Spectrum) | Liposomal vincristine (non‐PEGylated) | FDA (2012) |
What is a nanoparticle used for?
Nanoparticles are now being used in the manufacture of scratchproof eyeglasses, crack- resistant paints, anti-graffiti coatings for walls, transparent sunscreens, stain-repellent fabrics, self-cleaning windows and ceramic coatings for solar cells.
What are the advantages of using nanocapsules to deliver drugs in the body?
Their main advantages are namely sustained release, incremental drug selectivity and effectiveness, improvement of drug bioavailability and alleviation of drug toxicity. Nanocapsules, which are submicron in size, when administered intravenously, reach to the target and release the encapsulated drug.
How do Nanocarriers work?
Indeed, nanocarriers can extravasate into tumor tissues via leaky tissues through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect (passive targeting). Due to the dysfunctional lymphatic drainage in tumors, nanocarriers accumulate within these tissues and allow drug release within the vicinity of cancer cells.
What happens to nanoparticles in the body?
The effects of inhaled nanoparticles in the body may include lung inflammation and heart problems. Studies in humans show that breathing in diesel soot causes a general inflammatory response and alters the system that regulates the involuntary functions in the cardiovascular system, such as control of heart rate.
How are nanoparticles manufactured?
Nanoparticles are created from the gas phase by producing a vapor of the product material using chemical or physical means. The production of the initial nanoparticles, which can be in a liquid or solid state, takes place via homogeneous nucleation.
