What is myopic staphyloma?

Introduction. A staphyloma is a circumscribed outpouching of the wall of the globe. Posterior staphyloma is considered a hallmark of pathologic myopia and are among one of the major causes of developing maculopathy. However, it can be present in non-myopic eyes, often acquired secondarily due to infection or trauma.

What causes staphyloma in eye?

A staphyloma is an abnormal protrusion of the uveal tissue through a weak point in the eyeball. The protrusion is generally black in colour, due to the inner layers of the eye. It occurs due to weakening of outer layer of eye (cornea or sclera) by an inflammatory or degenerative condition.

What is the most common complication of high myopia?

The most important complication of myopia is MMD, which is a common cause of visual impairment, particularly for high myopia. Characteristics of MMD are lacquer cracks, Fuchs spot, choroidal neovascularization (CNV), or chorioretinal atrophy.

Does staphyloma cause blindness?

Macular degeneration can result in legal blindness among those with progressive myopia and posterior staphyloma.

How common is staphyloma?

CHARACTERISTICS OF POSTERIOR STAPHYLOMA Curtin10 used stereoscopic funduscopy and reported that the staphyloma was present in 4.8% of the eyes with axial length of 27.5 mm to 28.4 mm. Its prevalence increased to 32.9% in the eyes with axial length between 29.5 mm to 30.4 mm.

How do you get a staphyloma?

Causes of Staphyloma

  1. Severe & progressive myopia.
  2. Trauma.
  3. Necrotizing infection.
  4. Scleritis.
  5. Glaucoma.
  6. Inflammation.
  7. Surgical weakening of the sclera.
  8. Radiotherapy.

What is the highest degree of myopia?

Degree of myopia

  • Low myopia -0.50 to -3.00.
  • Moderate myopia -3.00 to -6.00.
  • High myopia -6.00 and above.

What level of myopia is legally blind?

Moderate myopia has values of diopters from -3.00 to -6.00D. Usually, wearing the correct prescription glasses or contact lenses will mean your vision is fully functional. High myopia is usually myopia over -6.00D. In most cases, without glasses or contact lenses you will be legally blind.

What is the treatment for posterior staphyloma?

While there is no standard treatment for posterior staphyloma, some of the associated visually threatening complications, such as macular hole or choroidal neovascularization, respectively, can be treated with pars plana vitrectomy or intravitreal anti–vascular endothelial growth factor injection.

Can pathological myopia be treated?

There is currently no cure for pathological myopia. Individuals with stable high myopia will be followed up regularly for visual acuity, refraction, and general ophthalmic health. With glasses or contact lenses stable high myopathy can be corrected by altering the way in which light rays bend in the eye.

What is the cause of anterior staphyloma?

Anterior staphyloma can be the result of an inflammatory/infectious process or secondary to developmental defect, due to faulty differentiation of the anterior mesoderm. The congenital type is rare.

What is 600 degree myopia?

Any myopia exceeding –6.00 dioptres or 600 degrees is considered high. Over 800 degrees is considered as severe and over 1,200 degrees, extreme. While these high magnitudes of myopia are uncommon in Western populations, it is quite common here!