What is meant by shaped charge?

Shaped charges are devices in which an explosive load is used to collapse a (usually metal) liner, thereby creating a high velocity jet that is capable of penetrating deep into metal, concrete or other target materials (Walters & Zukas, 1989). From: Advances in Applied Mechanics, 2021.

What is a shaped charge used for quizlet?

(202) What is a shaped charge used for? To produce an explosive penetration of a solid target.

How does a shaped charge work?

A shaped charge is a concave metal hemisphere or cone (known as a liner) backed by a high explosive, all in a steel or aluminum casing. When the high explosive is detonated, the metal liner is compressed and squeezed forward, forming a jet whose tip may travel as fast as 10 kilometers per second.

How are shaped charges made?

Linear shaped charges “At detonation, the focusing of the explosive high pressure wave as it becomes incident to the side wall causes the metal liner of the LSC to collapse–creating the cutting force.” The detonation projects into the lining, to form a continuous, knife-like (planar) jet.

How does the Munroe effect work?

Chemical energy generated by initiation of explosive is focused on the center of hollow cavity. And this concentrated force generates a jet with high penetration power. This phenomenon is well known as Munroe effect, and the generated jet is called as Munroe jet.

How are bomb fuzes classified?

Fuzes are normally divided into two general classes—mechanical and electrical. These classes only refer to the primary operating principles. They may be subdivided by their method of functioning or by the action that initiates the explosive train—impact, mechanical time, proximity, hydrostatic, or long delay.

Which explosive train detonates the main bursting charge?

Booster – a high explosive element, sufficiently sensitive to be actuaged by a small explosive element in a fuze or firing device, and powerful enough to cause detonation of a main explosive charge. In a firing train, the order is’ usually primer, detonator, booster, and main charge.

How powerful is a shaped charge?

The speed can reach 10 km/s, peaking some 40 microseconds after detonation; the cone tip is subjected to acceleration of about 25 million g. The jet tail reaches about 2–5 km/s. The pressure between the jet tip and the target can reach one terapascal.

What are shaped charges made of?

military explosives A shaped charge normally consists of a cone made of metal or glass surrounded by a high-strength, high-density explosive and means to obtain the proper standoff,…

Who makes the M231 charge?

General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems is the manufacturer of the M231 and M232A1 Modular Artillery Charge System for the U.S. Army and Marines Corps. General Dynamics produces the M231 and M232A1 MACS under contract to the U.S. Army Joint Munitions and Lethality Contracting Center.

What are advanced shaped charge warheads?

Advanced shaped charge warheads offer improved anti-armor performance and effectiveness against hard targets in a compact package, The compact size creates space and mass for additional weapon system or equipment.

What is a a shaped charge?

A shaped charge is an explosive charge shaped to focus the effect of the explosive’s energy. Various types are used to cut and form metal, initiate nuclear weapons, penetrate armor, and perforate wells in the oil and gas industry.

How much can a shaped charge penetrate a steel plate?

In general, shaped charges can penetrate a steel plate as thick as 150% to 700% of their diameter, depending on the charge quality. The figure is for basic steel plate, not for the composite armor, reactive armor, or other types of modern armor. The most common shape of the liner is conical, with an internal apex angle of 40 to 90 degrees.