What is hyper progressive disease?

Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) is an adverse outcome of immunotherapy consisting in an acceleration of tumor growth, often accompanied by prompt clinical deterioration.

What is HPD cancer?

However, atypical patterns of response, such as pseudoprogression and hyperprogressive disease (HPD), have been observed in cancers treated with ICIs. In general, HPD refers to the unexpected rapid acceleration of tumor growth occurring in a subset of patients treated with ICIs.

What is twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome?

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a rare pregnancy condition affecting identical twins or other multiples. TTTS occurs in pregnancies where twins share one placenta (afterbirth) and a network of blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients essential for development in the womb.

What increases the risk of TTTS in twins or multiples?

Being pregnant with identical twins or multiples puts a woman at risk for having a pregnancy complicated by TTTS. However, TTTS is an indiscriminate condition, occurring at random in monochorionic pregnancies. A doctor may suspect twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome based on the results of a routine prenatal ultrasound.

What causes polyhydramnios in twins?

The recipient twin is at risk for successively increasing blood volume ( hypervolemia ). Hypervolemia leads to increased urination, more frequent bladder filling and the production of larger amounts of urine every time the bladder is emptied. This results in polyhydramnios — an abnormal increase in amniotic fluid.

What is the new classification of hypermobility disorders?

From March 2017, we are working with the new classification system decided upon by the International Consortium on the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes. That new classification brings with it a review of the hypermobility disorders, with hypermobility syndrome now renamed, and falling under the umbrella of Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.