What is hydrocarbon degradation?
What is hydrocarbon degradation?
Hydrocarbon degradation under anaerobic conditions is often slower compared to aerobic degradation, due to less favorable reaction energetics with alternate electron acceptors. Despite this limitation, both facultative and obligately anaerobic bacteria and archaea are known to degrade hydrocarbons without oxygen.
How microbes can be used for degradation of xenobiotics?
Microorganisms potentially utilize xenobiotic contaminants as carbon or nitrogen sources to sustain their growth and metabolic activities. Diverse microbial populations survive in harsh contaminated environments, exhibiting a significant biodegradation potential to degrade and transform pollutants.
What is anaerobic biodegradation?
Anaerobic digestion occurs when the anaerobic microbes are dominant over the aerobic microbes. Biodegradable waste in landfill degrades in the absence of oxygen through the process of anaerobic digestion.
How do microbes degrade hydrocarbons?
Salinity and pressure may also affect biodegradation rates in some aquatic environments, and moisture and pH may limit biodegradation in soils. Hydrocarbons are degraded primarily by bacteria and fungi. Adaptation by prior exposure of microbial communities to hydrocarbons increases hydrocarbon degradation rates.
What microbes are used in bioaugmentation?
Table 1
| Pollutant | Bioaugmented Bacteria |
|---|---|
| Quinoline | Bacillus sp. |
| Quinoline | Burkholderia pickettii |
| Pyridine and quinoline | Paracoccus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. |
| Quinoline and Pyridine | Paracoccus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. |
What microorganisms are used in bioremediation?
In bioremediation, microorganisms with biological activity, including algae, bacteria, fungi, and yeast, can be used in their naturally occurring forms.
How does bioremediation work?
How Bioremediation Works. Bioremediation relies on stimulating the growth of certain microbes that utilize contaminants like oil, solvents, and pesticides for sources of food and energy. These microbes convert contaminants into small amounts of water, as well as harmless gases like carbon dioxide.
How xenobiotics can be degraded?
Sequential Bioremediation: In the degradation of several xenobiotics, both aerobic and anaerobic processes are involved. This is often an effective way of reducing the toxicity of a pollutant. For instance, tetra chloromethane and tetrachloroethane undergo sequential degradation.
What is anaerobic digestion?
Anaerobic digestion is a process through which bacteria break down organic matter—such as animal manure, wastewater biosolids, and food wastes—in the absence of oxygen.
