What is decoding in protein synthesis?
What is decoding in protein synthesis?
The decoding process during protein synthesis is an important step to provide functional proteins to the cell. Crystal structures provided some insights how the ribosome ensures the correct codon/anticodon interaction between the mRNA and the aminoacylated tRNA.
When mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced?
translation
During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.
What is the name of the process in which we synthesize a protein by decoding a RNA sequence of bases into a sequence of amino acids?
Translation
Key terms
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Transcription | Process during which a DNA sequence of a gene is copied to make an RNA molecule |
| Translation | Process during which an mRNA molecule is used to assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains |
| Mutation | A change in a genetic sequence |
What is the process of decoding mRNA?
The process of translation in biology is the decoding an mRNA message into a polypeptide product. Put another way, a message written in the chemical language of nucleotides is “translated” into the chemical language of amino acids.
How does a ribosome decode?
The ribosome is a complex molecular machine that, in order to synthesize proteins, has to decode mRNAs by pairing their codons with matching tRNAs. Decoding is a major determinant of fitness and requires accurate and fast selection of correct tRNAs among many similar competitors.
How was the DNA code decoded?
The instructions stored within DNA are read and processed by a cell in two steps: transcription and translation. Each of these steps is a separate biochemical process involving multiple molecules. During transcription, a portion of the cell’s DNA serves as a template for creation of an RNA molecule.
What is the process of making proteins called?
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
