What is conditional mean spectrum?

An alternative, termed a conditional mean spectrum (CMS), is presented here. The CMS provides the expected (i.e., mean) response spectrum, conditioned on occurrence of a target spectral acceleration value at the period of interest.

What is RotD50?

• RotD50 is the median value. • RotD00, RotD100 are the minimum and maximum. values. • NO geometric means are used. 2.

How do you scale ground motion?

GROUND MOTION SCALING METHODS It involves amplitude scaling a pair of seed motions by a single scaling factor to minimize the sum of the squared errors between the target spectral values and the geometric mean (square root of the product) of the spectral ordinates for the pair.

Why do we scale ground motion?

Scaling of ground motion adjusts a real accelerogram such that it tends to have a good match with a target spectrum. Ground motions chosen herein are scaled separately to UHS and CMS considering a period range of 0.2–1.5T [3] where T is the fundamental period of the structure selected as 0.2 s, 1.0 s and 3.0 s.

What is spectral matching?

Time‐domain spectral matching is the most commonly used technique in earthquake engineering to obtain accelerograms for which the response spectrum is compatible with a smooth target spectrum, be it a polyline design spectrum or a hazard spectrum.

What is time history analysis?

Time history analysis is a step-by- step analysis of the dynamic response of a structure to a specified loading that may vary with time. Time history analysis is used to determine the seismic response of a structure under dynamic loading of representative earthquake (Wilkinson and Hiley, 2006) (Tables 1 and 2)..

What is spectral matching in radiography?

Spectral matching refers to correctly matching the color sensitivity of the film to the color emission of the intensifying screen. An incorrect match of film and screens based on spectral emission and sensitivity results in radiographs that display inappropriate levels of radiographic density.

Why is spectral matching important?

Spectral matching It is important to note that the color of the light emitted (wavelength) must match the light sensitivity of the film used. This is known as spectral matching: conventional films: sensitive to ultraviolet and blue lights.

What is the difference between a design spectrum and a response spectrum?

A design spectrum conceptually differs from a response spectrum in two ways. A response spectrum is a jagged plot of peak response of all possible SDOF systems, and hence is a description of a particular ground motion. A design spectrum is smooth and is the envelope of the different elastic design spectra.