What is an LFA in microbiology?

Antiadhesion molecules The leukocyte function associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is a member of the heterodimeric B2 integrin family and consists of a noncovalently linked unique alpha chain (CD11a) and a beta chain (CD18). It primary interaction is with ICAM-1, but it also interacts with ICAM-2 and ICAM-3.

What does ICAM stand for Immunology?

intercellular adhesion molecule
The intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) 1 is an Ig-like cell adhesion molecule expressed by several cell types, including leukocytes and endothelial cells.

What does LFA-1 bind to?

Upon recognition of a target antigen via TCR/pMHC complex formation, CD8+ T cell activates LFA-1 and binds to ICAM-1 expressed on the target cell. Important functions of LFA-1 during the cytotoxic response was demonstrated with LFA-1 blockers that inhibited target cell killing (107–109).

What does VLA 4 do?

VLA-4 is expressed on monocytes and lymphocytes and is involved in lymphocyte homing (Chavakis, 2012; Springer, 1994). Additionally, VLA-4 has been shown to play an important role in the homing of hematopoietic stem cells to the bone marrow (Peled et al., 2000; Voermans et al., 2000).

What is LFA immunology?

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is an integrin found on lymphocytes and other leukocytes. LFA-1 plays a key role in emigration, which is the process by which leukocytes leave the bloodstream to enter the tissues. LFA-1 also mediates firm arrest of leukocytes.

What does L selectin bind?

L-selectin binds gp120, one of the many glycans present on the HIV envelope. This binding allows for rolling adhesion to T cells and thus facilitates the binding of HIV to its target receptors. Infection of the cell triggers shedding of L-selectin.

What is VCAM and ICAM?

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) are endothelial CAMs of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily with a critical role in mediating the firm adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells in various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.

What is the difference between ICAM and VCAM?

The key difference between ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 is that ICAM-1 is a cell adhesion molecule that is constitutively expressed in the membranes of leukocytes and endothelial cells, while VCAM1 is a cell adhesion molecule that is expressed in the membranes of vascular endothelial cells only after stimulated by cytokines.

What does P selectin do?

P-selectin mediates the rolling of blood cells on the surface of the endothelium and initiates the attachment of leukocytes circulating in the blood to platelets, endothelial cells,and other leukocytes at sites of tissue injury and inflammation.

What does L-selectin stand for?

L-selectin, also known as CD62L, is a cell adhesion molecule found on the cell surface of leukocytes and the preimplantation embryo. It belongs to the selectin family of proteins, which recognize sialylated carbohydrate groups containing a Sialyl LewisX (sLeX) determinant.