What is an ADCC assay?

Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity assay (ADCC) is a prominent mechanism in the host immune defense. The antigen-binding fragment (Fab) region of an antibody binds to a specific antigen on a target cell (Figure 1.), commonly an infected cell, or pathogen.

What is ADCC used for?

ADCC plays a role in several biological processes like graft rejection, autoimmune diseases, antitumoral defence, antiparasitical defence, antiviral defence which seems to be its most important role in domestic animals. ADCC can be used to study the evolution of sensitizing antibodies following a viral infection.

What is a CDC assay?

CDC Assays. CDC assays are often applied to measure the efficacy of antibody- and protein-based therapeutics. They evaluate the efficacy of candidates to initiate a multi-pathway attack which is mediated by the complement immune system to kill specific target cells.

What is an e t ratio?

Effector (E) to target (T) ratio is defined as ratio of NK cell number to MCF7 cell number, which is usually regarded as an important parameter that affects NK cell cytotoxicity in population-based study.

What is required for effective ADCC?

ADCC requires an effector cell which classically is known to be natural killer (NK) cells that typically interact with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. However, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils can also mediate ADCC, such as eosinophils killing certain parasitic worms known as helminths via IgE antibodies.

Can macrophages perform ADCC?

Abstract. Macrophages in varying states of activation differ in their ability to perform antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-independent macrophage-mediated tumor cytotoxicity (MTC).

What is ADCC and ADCP?

ADCC: an excess of engaged CD16A induces the release of cytotoxic granules which kill the target [1]. ADCP: an excess of engaged CD32A induces the phagocytosis of the microbe or target cell, thus facilitating antigen presentation and stimulating inflammatory cytokine secretion [2].

What is CDC crossmatch?

The complement-dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch (CDC-XM), a technique that uses T and B lymphocytes to detect donor-specific antibodies (DSA) via activation of the classical pathway of complement, has been widely used for the detection of alloantibodies in transplant patients since it was introduced in the 1960s.