What is a pragmatic study design?

Pragmatic trials are designed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in real-life routine practice conditions, whereas explanatory trials aim to test whether an intervention works under optimal situations. Pragmatic trials produce results that can be generalized and applied in routine practice settings.

What is a pragmatic RCT?

Pragmatic randomized controlled trials (RCTs) mimic usual clinical practice and they are critical to inform decision-making by patients, clinicians and policy-makers in real-world settings. Pragmatic RCTs assess effectiveness of available medicines, while explanatory RCTs assess efficacy of investigational medicines.

What is the difference between explanatory and pragmatic trials?

Explanatory trials are primed to maximize the likelihood of finding efficacy of an intervention by testing it in an ideal setting, whereas pragmatic trials aim to test effectiveness of an intervention in a more generalizable setting.

What makes a clinical trial pragmatic?

But what makes a clinical trial pragmatic? Pragmatic trials may test the same intervention as an explanatory trial, but they are conducted in real-world clinical practice settings, with typical patients and by qualified clinicians, who may not, however, have a research background.

What is a comparative effectiveness trial?

Comparative effectiveness trials (CETs) represent a diverse range of research that focuses on optimising health outcomes by comparing currently approved interventions to generate high-quality evidence to inform decision makers.

What is pragmatic design in architecture?

Pragmatic design in architecture is the process of discovering realities through interaction with the built environment. It insists on understanding the intentions of the place and its users and responding to those intentions.

What is efficacy vs effectiveness?

Efficacy is the degree to which a vaccine prevents disease, and possibly also transmission, under ideal and controlled circumstances – comparing a vaccinated group with a placebo group. Effectiveness meanwhile refers to how well it performs in the real world.

What is explanatory RCT?

Explanatory RCTs aim for the greatest possible control over ex- perimental conditions, often using complex protocols involving matching and exclusion techniques in order to achieve homogeneous groups; this leads to a preference for a rigorous single-centred trial.

What is comparative effectiveness methodology?

Comparative effectiveness research is research aimed evaluating and comparing the implications and outcomes of two or more health care strategies to address a particular medical condition.

What is the purpose of comparative effectiveness research?

The primary purpose of CER is to provide comparative information to the healthcare providers, patients, and policy makers about the standard of care available. This involves research on clinical questions unanswered by the explanatory trials during the regulatory approval process.

What is canonic design?

Canonic design is the use of rules such as planning grids, proportional systems and the like. The classical architectural. styles and their renaissance successors offered opportunities for such an approach.

What is Analogic design in architecture?

As an architect and product designer, Ponsi himself operates on a set of principles he terms “analogous design”—a theory he developed that involves breaking down images into abstract elements, analyzing them, and then conceptually reassembling them in another form as a sort of parallel composition.