What is a hadronic calorimeter?

The Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL) measures the energy of “hadrons”, particles made of quarks and gluons (for example protons, neutrons, pions and kaons). Additionally it provides indirect measurement of the presence of non-interacting, uncharged particles such as neutrinos.

How do LHC detectors work?

Detectors use these lighter particles to deduce the brief existence of the new, heavy ones. The trajectories of charged particle are bent by magnetic fields, and their radius of curvature is used to calculate their momentum: the higher the kinetic energy, the shallower the curvature.

Which detector is used in calorimeter?

In most experiments the calorimeter works in conjunction with other components like a central tracker and a muon detector. All the detector components work together to achieve the objective of reconstructing a physics event.

What is a sampling calorimeter?

There are two general types of calorimeter design: 1) Sampling calorimeters. Layers of passive absorber (ie Pb or Cu) alternating with active detector layers such as. plastic scintillator, liquid argon or silicon. → Only part of the energy is sampled. → Used for both electromagnetic and hadron calorimetry.

What is bomb in bomb calorimeter?

A bomb calorimeter is used to measure, under controlled conditions, the heat emitted by a sample burned under an oxygen atmosphere in a closed vessel (bomb) surrounded by water. The consequence of the calculation is called the amount of combustion, calorification, or BTU.

How many LHC detectors are there?

Eight detectors have been constructed at the LHC, located underground in large caverns excavated at the LHC’s intersection points. Two of them, the ATLAS experiment and the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS), are large general-purpose particle detectors.

What is the purpose of LHC?

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the biggest and most powerful particle accelerator in the world. It is located at the European particle physics laboratory CERN, in Switzerland. Scientists use the LHC to test theoretical predictions in particle physics, particularly those associated with the “Standard Model”.

What is the basic principle of calorimetry?

Calorimeter Principle The principle of calorimetry indicates the law of conservation energy, i.e. the total heat lost by the hot body is equal to the total heat gained by the cold body.

What are the four types of calorimeter?

Types of Calorimeter

  • Adiabatic Calorimeters.
  • Reaction Calorimeters.
  • Bomb Calorimeters (Constant Volume Calorimeters)
  • Constant Pressure Calorimeters.
  • Differential Scanning Calorimeters.

Why are calorimeters used?

Calorimeters are used to measure the volume and heat produced during a certain time interval. The flow is passed through a tank partly filled with water whose thermal capacity and weight are known before the beginning of the experiment.