What happens when BRCA1 is phosphorylated?

Since BRCA1 phosphorylation responds to cell cycle progression and DNA damage, one can assume that phosphorylation regulates the activity of the protein, as is the case for other tumor suppressors, e.g., p53 and Rb (4, 22).

How does BRCA1 directly impact DNA repair in the cell?

The cells lacking BRCA1 is indeed deficient in transcription-coupled repair of DNA damages produced by ionizing radiation or hydrogen peroxide but perform it of UV-induced DNA damage normally (6,10). Together, these suggest BRCA1 can play a critical role of genome stability owing to its ability of DNA repair.

Is BRCA1 involved in DNA repair?

The BRCA1 protein is involved in repairing damaged DNA. In the nucleus of many types of normal cells, the BRCA1 protein interacts with several other proteins to mend breaks in DNA.

Which DNA damage repair pathway uses the BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins?

Therefore, these mouse models were the initial evidence to indicate that BRCA1 and BRCA2 function in a common pathway of RAD51-mediated HR63,64. In humans, the tumours that develop in patients with germline heterozygous mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are defective in HR-mediated repair.

Would phosphorylation of BRCA1 by ATM activate or inhibit BRCA1 function?

BRCA1–ATM interaction It was revealed that the phosphorylation of BRCA1 by ATM is required for activation of the G2/M checkpoint using the HCC1937 cells, which are defective in both S phase and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints (60,61).

What does BRCA1 protein do?

BRCA1 is a human tumor suppressor gene (also known as a caretaker gene) and is responsible for repairing DNA. Chr. Chr. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are unrelated proteins, but both are normally expressed in the cells of breast and other tissue, where they help repair damaged DNA, or destroy cells if DNA cannot be repaired.

How serious is the ATM gene mutation?

While an ATM mutation means you have a somewhat higher risk of developing cancer than the average person, it may not fully explain why your blood relatives has cancer. As we learn more about these mutations, we may learn they increase the risk for other types of cancers.