What happens during chromosome translocation?

Translocations. A translocation occurs when a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This type of rearrangement is described as balanced if no genetic material is gained or lost in the cell. If there is a gain or loss of genetic material, the translocation is described as unbalanced .

How does translocation happen between 2 chromosomes involve?

Translocations occur when chromosomes become broken during meiosis and the resulting fragment becomes joined to another chromosome. Reciprocal translocations: In a balanced reciprocal translocation (Fig. 2.3), genetic material is exchanged between two chromosomes with no apparent loss.

Which best describes chromosomal translocation?

Chromosomal translocation is defined as the rearrangement of non-homologous chromosomes caused by DSB and subsequent NHEJ.

What is translocation in pathophysiology?

Listen to pronunciation. (TRANZ-loh-KAY-shun) A genetic change in which a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. Sometimes pieces from two different chromosomes will trade places with each other.

How do translocations produce phenotypic effects?

How do translocations produce phenotypic effects? Like inversions, translocations can produce phenotypic effects if the translocation breakpoint disrupts a gene or if a gene near the breakpoint is altered in its expression because of relocation to a different chromosomal environment (a position effect).

Which process is an example of translocation?

Translocation is a biological process that involves the movement of water and other soluble nutrients through the xylem and phloem from one part of the plant to another part of the plant. For example transportation of sucrose and amino acid, up and down the plant.

What is an example of translocation chromosomal mutation?

This newly formed chromosome is called the translocation chromosome. The translocation in this example is between chromosomes 14 and 21. When a baby is born with this type of translocation chromosome in addition to one normal 14 and two normal 21 chromosomes, the baby will have Down syndrome.

What is the difference between crossing over and translocation?

Translocation vs Crossing Over Translocation is the process of exchanging genetic materials between non-homologous chromosomes. Crossing over is the process of exchanging matching segments of chromosomes between homologous chromosomes during the sexual reproduction. Translocation is not a normal process.

What is the difference between Robertsonian and reciprocal translocation?

There are two main types of translocations: reciprocal and Robertsonian. In a reciprocal translocation, two different chromosomes have exchanged segments with each other. In a Robertsonian translocation, an entire chromosome attaches to another at the centromere.

What are the three types of translocation?

1. simple translocations (one break involved) 2. reciprocal translocations (two breaks involved) 3. shift type translocations (three breaks involved) 4.

What happens to a chromosome when it undergoes a translocation mutation?

such rejoining occurs within a chromosome, a chromosome segment between the two breakpoints becomes inverted and is thus called an inversion.

What is the difference between inversion and translocation?

Inversion is the breakdown and rejoining of a segment of a chromosome while translocation is the exchange of chromosome segments between nonhomologous chromosomes.