What elements are used for doping?

Boron, arsenic, phosphorus, and occasionally gallium are used to dope silicon. Boron is the p-type dopant of choice for silicon integrated circuit production because it diffuses at a rate that makes junction depths easily controllable.

What are n-type materials?

An N-type semiconductor is an impurity mixed semiconductor material used in electronics. The pentavalent impure atoms like phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth or some other chemical element are used to produce n-type semiconductors.

What is the example of n-type semiconductor?

The n-type semiconductor examples are Sb, P, Bi, and As. These materials include five electrons in their outer shell. The four electrons will make covalent bonds using the adjacent atoms and the fifth electron will be accessible like a current carrier. So that impurity atom is called a donor atom.

What is the nature of doping in an n-type semiconductor?

Semiconductor Doping n-type dopants act as electron donors and have extra valence electrons with energies very close to the conduction band. When incorporated into the atomic lattice of a semiconductor, the valence electrons of n-type dopants can be easily excited to the conduction band.

Which group element is used In n-type semiconductor for doping?

An n-type semiconductor is an intrinsic semiconductor doped with phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), or antimony (Sb) as an impurity.

Why group 13 and 15 elements are used for doping?

with elements of group 15 (such as As) produces an excess of electrons in the crystals. Thus, it gives n-type semiconductors. Doping of groups 14 elements with group 13 elements (such as Indium) produces holes (electron deficiency) in the crystals. Thus, p-type semiconductors are produced.

Which element when doped into germanium would create an n-type semiconductor?

In n-type semiconductors, the extra band named as the donor band is added in the between the conduction and valence band. This makes it easy for the excitation of an electron from the donor band to the conduction band. Thus the arsenic is doped to form n-type semiconductor. Hence, (B) is the correct option.

How is n-type material formed?

An n-type semiconductor results from implanting dopant atoms that have more electrons in their outer (bonding) shell than silicon. The resulting semiconductor crystal contains excess, or free, electrons that are available for conducting current.

What is an n-type semiconductor Class 12?

N-Type Semiconductors: N-Type semiconductors are formed by doping pure elements element such as Silicon (Si) and Geranium (Ge) having 5 valence electrons with pentavalent impurity such as Antimony (Sb), Arsenic (As) or phosphorus (P) having four valence electrons.

What is p-type doping and n-type doping?

In P type semiconductor III group element is added as doping element. In n type semiconductor V group element is added as doping element. Impurity added creates vacancy of electrons (holes) called as Acceptor Atom. Impurity added provides extra electrons and is known as Donor Atom.

Which type of impurity doping in silicon leads to n-type semiconductor?

Extrinsic N-Type Semiconductor is formed when a pentavalent impurity is added to a pure semiconductor. N-Type silicon is obtained by doping silicon with Phosphorous or Nitrogen or Arsenic or Antimony or Bismuth.

Are group 14 elements converted into n-type?

An n-type semiconductor conducts because of the presence of extra electrons. Therefore, a group 14 element can be converted to n-type semiconductor by doping it with a group 15 element.