What does echo error 1 >& 2 do?

The 1 denotes standard output (stdout). The 2 denotes standard error (stderr). So 2>&1 says to send standard error to where ever standard output is being redirected as well.

How do you redirect standard error to standard output?

Understanding the concept of redirections and file descriptors is very important when working on the command line. To redirect stderr and stdout , use the 2>&1 or &> constructs.

How do I redirect standard output and error to a file in Linux?

The syntax is as follows to redirect output (stdout) as follows:

  1. command-name > output.txt command-name > stdout.txt.
  2. command-name 2> errors.txt command-name 2> stderr.txt.
  3. command1 > out.txt 2> err.txt command2 -f -z -y > out.txt 2> err.txt.
  4. command1 > everything.txt 2>&1 command1 -arg > everything.txt 2>&1.

What does 2 >& 1 mean in shell script?

“You use &1 to reference the value of the file descriptor 1 (stdout). So when you use 2>&1 you are basically saying “Redirect the stderr to the same place we are redirecting the stdout”. And that’s why we can do something like this to redirect both stdout and stderr to the same place:”

How do you redirect an error?

2> is input redirection symbol and syntax is:

  1. To redirect stderr (standard error) to a file: command 2> errors.txt.
  2. Let us redirect both stderr and stdout (standard output): command &> output.txt.
  3. Finally, we can redirect stdout to a file named myoutput.txt, and then redirect stderr to stdout using 2>&1 (errors.txt):

How redirect standard output in Linux?

Redirecting stdout and stderr to a file: The I/O streams can be redirected by putting the n> operator in use, where n is the file descriptor number. For redirecting stdout, we use “1>” and for stderr, “2>” is added as an operator. We have created a file named “sample.

How do I redirect an output error?

The regular output is sent to Standard Out (STDOUT) and the error messages are sent to Standard Error (STDERR). When you redirect console output using the > symbol, you are only redirecting STDOUT. In order to redirect STDERR, you have to specify 2> for the redirection symbol.

How do you redirect output and error to a file?

As redirection is a method of capturing a program output and sending it as an input to another command or file. The I/O streams can be redirected by putting the n> operator in use, where n is the file descriptor number. For redirecting stdout, we use “1>” and for stderr, “2>” is added as an operator.

How do I redirect a bash output?

To use bash redirection, you run a command, specify the > or >> operator, and then provide the path of a file you want the output redirected to. > redirects the output of a command to a file, replacing the existing contents of the file.

What is output redirection?

Output redirection is used to put output of one command into a file or into another command.