What does ATP binding cassette do?

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a large superfamily of membrane proteins with diverse functions (Holland et al. 2003). They convert the energy gained from ATP hydrolysis into trans-bilayer movement of substrates either into the cytoplasm (import) or out of the cytoplasm (export).

Where is the ATP binding cassette?

The NBD or ATP-binding cassette (ABC) domain, on the other hand, is located in the cytoplasm and has a highly conserved sequence. The NBD is the site for ATP binding.

What is a cassette protein?

The ATP-binding cassette proteins are members of a superfamily with functions that encompass transport, ion conductance and regulation. Their structural unit is a “cassette,” comprising six transmembrane segments and a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding domain [23].

What is the function of apoE Apolipoprotein A in ABC transporters maintenance?

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediates cholesterol efflux to lipid-free apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apolipoprotein E (apoE). ABCA1 is an essential regulator of High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) and reverse cholesterol transport – a role that determines its importance for atherosclerosis.

Is example of ATP-binding cassette?

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are an example of ATP-dependent pumps. ABC transporters are ubiquitous membrane-bound proteins, present in all prokaryotes, as well as plants, fungi, yeast and animals. These pumps can move substrates in (influx) or out (efflux) of cells.

Is example of ATP binding cassette?

What happens if this membrane transport protein does not function ABCA1?

Mutations in the ABCA1 gene can cause a condition called familial HDL deficiency. People with this condition have reduced levels of HDL in their blood and may experience early-onset cardiovascular disease, often before age 50.

What type of protein is ATPase?

membrane proteins
P-type ATPases are a large family of membrane proteins that perform active ion transport across biological membranes. In these proteins the energy-providing ATP hydrolysis is coupled to ion-transport that builds up or maintains the electrochemical potential gradients of one or two ion species across the membrane.

What kind of protein is ATP synthase?

enzyme
The mitochondrial ATP synthase is a multimeric enzyme complex with an overall molecular weight of about 600,000 Da. The ATP synthase is a molecular motor composed of two separable parts: F1 and Fo. The F1 portion contains the catalytic sites for ATP synthesis and protrudes into the mitochondrial matrix.