What do S100 proteins do?

Within cells, S100 proteins are involved in aspects of regulation of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, Ca2+ homeostasis, energy metabolism, inflammation and migration/invasion through interactions with a variety of target proteins including enzymes, cytoskeletal subunits, receptors, transcription factors and …

What does calcium-binding protein do?

Calcium binding proteins have specific domains that bind to calcium and are known to be heterogeneous. One of the functions of calcium binding proteins is to regulate the amount of free (unbound) Ca2+ in the cytosol of the cell. The regulation of Ca2+ is called calcium homeostasis.

What is S100 test?

Serum S100–a marker for disease monitoring in metastatic melanoma.

What tumors are S100 positive?

S-100 protein (S-100B) is the most widely used marker for peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Although S-100 protein is positive in all benign Schwann cell tumors, this marker shows relatively low sensitivity for MPNST (at most, around 50%).

What is S100 protein ADHD?

Mechanism of Action: S-100 protein is involved in multiple neurotransmitter networks of the body. Through its effects on these networks, the product helps improve the concentration of attention, reduce hyperactivity, and mitigate anxiety.

What does S100 stain?

In primary melanocytic tumors S100 protein usually uniformly stains nearly all neoplastic melanocytes.

How does calcium help your body function?

Calcium is a mineral most often associated with healthy bones and teeth, although it also plays an important role in blood clotting, helping muscles to contract, and regulating normal heart rhythms and nerve functions.

Which protein will bind more calcium?

Regulatory calcium-binding proteins such as calmodulin (CaM) and troponin C (TnC) expose a hydrophobic surface upon binding calcium. This property allows them to bind in a calcium dependent manner to their target proteins (1), but also to hydrophobic sites on phenyl-Sepharose, for example (2, 3, 4).

Is there a tumor marker for melanoma?

Recently, glypican-3 (GPC3), a novel tumor marker, has been discovered that may be useful for the diagnosis of melanoma, especially in early stages of the disorder.

What is S100 stain?

S100 protein staining is vital in the diagnosis of cellular schwannoma, which is often mistaken for fibrosarcoma or low grade Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour (MPNST) [51]. MPNST shows only 50% positivity for S100 which is weak or focal staining.

Where is S100 protein found?

S100 proteins are normally present in cells derived from the neural crest (Schwann cells, and melanocytes), chondrocytes, adipocytes, myoepithelial cells, macrophages, Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and keratinocytes. They may be present in some breast epithelial cells.