Should mannitol be given with cisplatin?
Should mannitol be given with cisplatin?
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is indicated for the promotion of diuresis; it is a logical choice for reduction of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity as it is nontoxic and could reduce the half-life of cisplatin in the kidney….Table 3.
| Odds ratio | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|
| Female gender | 0.71 | 0.57-1.89 |
Why is mannitol given before cisplatin?
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that increases urine output. It may be used before cisplatin to reduce the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin. Not all institutions use mannitol for this purpose, and may use other methods such as administering prehydration and posthydration with saline and electrolytes.
Why is hydration given with cisplatin?
To reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity, it is recommended that patients be hydrated with 1 to 2 liters of IV fluids. Hydration is recommended to induce diuresis and reduce the concentration of cisplatin in the kidneys.
Why is mannitol used with cisplatin rather than furosemide?
The dose-limiting toxic effect of high-dose (100 mg/m2) cisplatin is renal insufficiency. Hydration with furosemide- or mannitol-induced diuresis has been reported to ameliorate this toxicity. Animal studies suggest that mannitol may be superior to furosemide in this regard.
Why mannitol is given during chemotherapy?
Giving more than one drug (combination chemotherapy) may kill more tumor cells. Mannitol may help chemotherapy work better by making it easier for these drugs to get to the tumor. Chemoprotective drugs, such as acetylcysteine and sodium thiosulfate, may protect normal cells from the side effects of chemotherapy.
What is mannitol used for in chemo?
A drug used to decrease swelling of the brain and to treat kidney failure. Mannitol can also be used to open the blood-brain barrier, which allows anticancer medicines to enter the brain and treat brain tumors.
How much water should I drink with cisplatin?
Drink 8 to 12 (8-ounce) glasses of liquids every day for 1 week after your treatment. Take your anti-nausea medications as recommended by your doctor. Remember that it’s especially important to drink enough liquids for the first 2 days after getting cisplatin chemotherapy.
What is the side effect of mannitol?
Adverse reactions more commonly reported during or after the infusion of mannitol (mannitol (mannitol injection) injection) include: Pulmonary congestion, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, electrolyte loss, dryness of mouth, thirst, marked diuresis, urinary retention, edema, headache, blurred vision.
Why is cisplatin nephrotoxic?
Cisplatin causes damage to nuclear and mitochondrial DNA and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which lead to activation of both mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis and necrosis. Mitochondrial energetics are also disrupted by cisplatin and may contribute to nephrotoxicity.
