How is yersiniosis caused?
How is yersiniosis caused?
How is yersiniosis spread? Yersinia bacteria are spread by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by contact with an infected person or animal.
What diseases can develop and how does infection with Y. enterocolitica play a role in those diseases?
Yersinia enterocolitica is a gram-negative bacillus shaped bacterium that causes a zoonotic disease called yersiniosis. The infection is manifested as acute diarrhea, mesenteric adenitis, terminal ileitis, and pseudoappendicitis. In rare cases, it can even cause sepsis.
How does Yersinia enterocolitica spread?
Yersinia enterocolitica is most often transmitted by consumption of contaminated food (most commonly raw or undercooked pork), unpasteurized milk or inadequately pasteurized milk, untreated water, or by direct or indirect contact with animals.
Where is Yersinia enterocolitica most common?
Y. enterocolitica is found in wild and domestic animals, especially pigs. It can also be found in birds, reptiles, rodents, rabbits, sheep, cattle, horses, dogs, and cats. People can become infected with Y.
How does Yersinia enterocolitica cause disease?
Yersiniosis is an infection caused most often by eating raw or undercooked pork contaminated with Yersinia enterocolitica bacteria. CDC estimates Y. enterocolitica causes almost 117,000 illnesses, 640 hospitalizations, and 35 deaths in the United States every year.
Why is yersiniosis more common in the winter?
Cool temperatures favor the growth of Y. enterocolitica, which is why yersiniosis is seen more often during the cooler, winter months.
How does Yersinia cause disease?
Yersiniosis is usually associated with consumption of food or water contaminated with Yersinia bacteria, or by contact with a person or animal infected with Yersinia bacteria. Yersinia bacteria live in the intestines of infected persons/animals and are released with bowel movements.
How do you prevent yersiniosis?
Avoid eating raw or undercooked pork. Thoroughly cook raw meat and poultry to destroy the bacteria. Meat, poultry, pork, and hamburgers should be cooked until they are no longer pink in the middle. Defrost food in the refrigerator, in cold water, or in the microwave.
How common is yersiniosis?
How common is yersiniosis? CDC estimates that infections with Yersinia enterocolitica cause almost 117,000 illnesses, 640 hospitalizations, and 35 deaths in the United States every year. Children are infected more often than adults, and the infection is more common in the winter.
How can you prevent Yersinia?
Where does Yersinia enterocolitica come from?
Yersinia enterocolitica is a bacterium that can be found in animals such as pigs, birds, beavers, cats and dogs, and has been detected in environmental sources such as soil and water (e.g., ponds and lakes). It is not part of the normal human flora.
How does enterocolitica enterocolitia infect blood products?
Experimentally, Y. enterocolitica is able to grow in refrigerated blood products; it is hypothesized that initial contamination results from transient bacteremia in donors with Y. enterocolitica diarrhea (or who are convalescing from Y. enterocolitia diarrhea), with the organism then multiplying during refrigerated storage.
What is the prevalence of enterocolitis enterocolitica in Bangladesh?
Infection with Y. enterocolitica is extremely rare in Bangladesh, a warm, Muslim country where dietary restrictions limit pork consumption. Y. enterocolitica is almost always foodborne; nosocomial transmission has not been noted as a significant problem.
How common is Yersinia enterocolitica?
Yersinia enterocolitica. CDC estimates Y. enterocolitica causes almost 117,000 illnesses, 640 hospitalizations, and 35 deaths in the United States every year. Children are infected more often than adults, and the infection is more common in the winter.
What is the global incidence of Mycoplasma enterocolitica infection?
Incidence rates vary widely. In the European Union, Y. enterocolitica is the third most common bacterial foodborne pathogen, after Campylobacter and Salmonella. In Germany, incidence between 2001 and 2008 was 7.2 cases/100,000 population/year, with the rate increasing to 58/100,000 among children under five years of age.
