How does the proton motive force lead to production of ATP?

When protons flow through a channel in the enzyme, the movement spins the protein, much like wind drives a turbine. The mechanical movement of this rotor provides the energy to add an inorganic phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to form ATP.

How does proton flow cause ATP synthesis?

The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.

Does the proton motive force power ATP synthase?

Crucially, the pmf also drives the ATP synthase (complex V), a proton turbine converting the proton gradient into chemical energy in the form of ATP (Dimroth & Cook, 2004).

How is the proton motive force linked to ATP conservation?

The concomitant pumping of protons across the membrane enables energy to be conserved by chemiosmotic coupling in the form of a proton-motive force (pmf) (1). The enzyme ATP synthase uses the pmf to couple proton transfer back across the membrane to the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

How does the proton motive force lead to ATP production quizlet?

The terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration is not oxygen. How does the proton motive force lead to production of ATP? a. Protons must be pumped against a concentration gradient from outside of the cell into the cell to rotate the F0 subunit of ATPase for the F1 subunit to make ATP.

What is the proton motive force?

Definition. Proton motive force (PMF) is the force that promotes movement of protons across membranes downhill the electrochemical potential.

What are the steps of ATP synthesis?

In general, the main energy source for cellular metabolism is glucose, which is catabolized in the three subsequent processes—glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA or Krebs cycle), and finally oxidative phosphorylation—to produce ATP.

What is proton motive force quizlet?

Proton-motive force. The energy-rich, unequal distribution of protons established across the membrane.

What is the proton motive force in cellular respiration?

A proton-motive force, in the form of a large proton concentration difference across the membrane, provides the energy for the membrane-localized ATP synthase (a molecular machine) to make ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

Where is the proton motive force coming from in photosynthesis?

Plant photosynthesis generates reducing power in the chloroplast stroma. During this process protons are transferred from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen, which generates a proton motive force (pmf) across the thylakoid membrane [1, 2].

How do protons hydrogen ions move through ATP synthase?

Similarly, hydrogen ions in the matrix space can only pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane through a membrane protein called ATP synthase. This protein acts as a tiny generator turned by the force of the hydrogen ions diffusing through it, down their electrochemical gradient.

What does the proton motive force power?