How do you synthesis acetanilide?

Acetanilide is synthesized from aniline by acetylating it with acetic anhydride in presence of glacial acetic acid. Aniline or phenylamine is a primary amine and basic in nature. Acetic anhydride, an anhydride of acetic acid, acts as a source of acyl group here .

What are the chemical required for synthesis of acetanilide?

Acetanilide is prepared from aniline when it reacts with acetic anhydride/glacial acetic acid in the presence of zinc dust. A mixture of aniline, glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride and zinc dust is refluxed under anhydrous condition and then poured the mixture into ice cold water to get acetic anhydride precipitate.

What happens to aniline as concentrated hydrochloric acid is added?

– When aniline dissolves in the hydrochloric acid then the lone pair that is present on the amine group will undergo partial delocalisation. – Now, the amine is able to undergo the protonation by an acid that is hydrochloric acid.

What is hydrolysis of acetanilide?

Acetanilide is hydrolyzed by various tissues into acetic acid and aniline. 2. The preparation and properties of the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis are described. 3. There is indirect evidence that aniline in the presence of tissue can be oxidized to p-aminophenol.

Why acid chloride is added in a lot during preparation of acetanilide?

It reduces the coloured impurities present in the solution.

How do you calculate acetanilide yield?

PROCEDURE

  1. 10 g of aniline shall yield acetanilide = 135.16 / 93 × 10 = 14.5 g.
  2. Then, Percentage Practical yield = Practical yield / Theoretical yield × 100.
  3. = 12 / 14.5 × 100 = 82.75 %

Is acetanilide soluble in HCl?

Explanation: aniline, the nitrogen atom donates its lone pair to the acid and by forming a salt (ionic compound), it dissolves in water(aqueous HCl). Whereas in acetanilide the nitrogen lone pair is in resonance with the carbonyl group. That’s why acetanilide is not soluble in aqueous HCl.

What is the purpose of using hydrochloric acid in preparation of acetanilide?

HCl acid is added to solubilize aniline at the beginning since aniline is water-insoluble, so we add HCl to get anilinium chloride which is water-soluble. HCl is used to activate acetic anhydride since there is no reaction between aniline and acetic anhydride.

What is the chemical formula of aniline hydrochloride?

C6H8ClNAnilinium chloride / Formula

When acetanilide undergo acidic hydrolysis What will be the product?

Overall, the products of the hydrolysis are a molecule of aniline and an acetic acid molecule.

Why is aniline soluble in aqueous hydrochloric acid whereas acetanilide is not?

aniline, the nitrogen atom donates its lone pair to the acid and by forming a salt (ionic compound), it dissolves in water(aqueous HCl). Whereas in acetanilide the nitrogen lone pair is in resonance with the carbonyl group. That’s why acetanilide is not soluble in aqueous HCl.