What are the 5 stages of swallowing?

Normal Swallowing

  • The Pre-oral Phase. – Starts with the anticipation of food being introduced into the mouth – Salivation is triggered by the sight and smell of food (as well as hunger)
  • The Oral Phase.
  • The Pharyngeal Phase.
  • The Oesophageal Phase.

What happens during the swallowing reflex?

The swallowing reflex is an elaborate involuntary reflex that involves a swallowing center, or a swallowing pattern generator, in the brainstem. Once activated, the swallowing center neurons send patterned discharges of inhibition and excitation to motor nuclei of the cranial nerves.

At what point does swallowing become an autonomic reflex?

Swallowing is basically an involuntary reflex; one cannot swallow unless there is saliva or some substance to be swallowed. Initially, food is voluntarily moved to the rear of the oral cavity, but once food reaches the back of the mouth, the reflex to swallow takes over and cannot be retracted.

Who controls deglutition?

The swallowing center in the medulla oblongata initiates the deglutition reflex and causes progressive contraction of the pharyngeal muscles to continue to propel the food bolus. The pharyngeal phase is controlled by cranial nerves V, VII, IX, X, and XII.

What deglutition means?

the act or process of swallowing
Definition of deglutition : the act or process of swallowing.

What muscles control swallowing?

These muscles include the omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles (ansa cervicalis), and the thyrohyoid muscle (CN XII). [17] The longitudinal pharyngeal muscles function to condense and expand the pharynx as well as help elevate the pharynx and larynx during swallowing.

Why is it important to have a swallow reflex?

The swallowing reflex and its significance as an airway defensive reflex. Swallowing function, in humans, is very complex. Swallowing plays, not only an important role in food digestion, but also a major role in preventing the entrance of food and/or other materials into the lower respiratory tract.

What does the term deglutition mean?

What triggers the swallowing reflex?

The sucking-swallowing reflex is triggered by various stimuli: sensitive, tactile, olfactory gustative, and neurohormonal generated in the hypothalamus and limbic system, and gastric tube (pancreas and stomach).

Is swallowing voluntary or reflex?

Following the oral phase, both VS and SS have a pharyngeal phase, which is a reflex phenomenon that protects the upper airway from any escape of food and direct the swallowed material into the esophagus. This reflexive phase of swallowing should not be confused with SS.

How do you trigger a swallow reflex?

Ice massage with an ice stick applied to the throat, base of the anterior faucial arches, base of the tongue, and posterior pharyngeal wall is widely used in Japan as a prefeeding technique to induce dry swallowing, to stimulate swallowing apraxia for initiating the swallow action, and in daily swallowing training.