Can ethylene glycol cause metabolic acidosis?

Ethylene glycol exposure is characterized by an elevated osmolal gap and metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap. Onset occurs within 24 hours after ingestion. Acidosis is caused primarily by the accumulation of glycolic and glyoxylic acids. Oxalic acid and lactic acid also contribute.

Does ethylene glycol cause anion gap metabolic acidosis?

Ethylene glycol classically produces an elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis.

How does ethylene glycol cause kidney failure?

Renal Effects. Adverse renal effects occur in the third stage of human ethylene glycol poisoning, which occurs 24–72 hours after acute exposure. The hallmark of renal toxicity is the presence of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals in the renal tubules and urine following ingestion of large amounts of ethylene glycol.

Why does the anion gap increase in a metabolic acidosis due to ethylene glycol toxicity?

Ethylene glycol poisoning causes metabolic acidosis with an increased anion gap, due to production of organic acid anions during its metabolism. Bromide poisoning may cause a spuriously decreased anion gap when chloride determination is performed with a colorimetric technique.

Does ethylene glycol cause metabolic alkalosis?

The initial diagnosis of ethylene glycol poisoning is difficult and is probably an often underdiagnosed cause of severe metabolic acidosis especially in the emergency department. Due to the mental state of some patients at the time of admission, gaining information on a patient’s medical history is not always possible.

Does ethylene glycol cause lactic acidosis?

Small lactic acidosis is frequently seen in ethylene glycol poisoning. Ethylene glycol metabolites can cause analytical interference with lactic acid measurement.

How does ethylene glycol increase anion gap?

Shortly after ethylene glycol ingestion, an- ion gap is normal, but osmolal gap is high. As ethylene glycol is metabolized, accumulation of the toxic acids leads to an increasing anion gap metabolic acidosis accompanied by a decreasing osmolal gap.

What are the side effects of ethylene glycol?

Initial adverse health effects caused by ethylene glycol intoxication include:

  • central nervous system depression,
  • intoxication,
  • euphoria,
  • stupor, and.
  • respiratory depression.
  • Nausea and vomiting may occur as a result of gastrointestinal irritation.

How is ethylene glycol metabolized in the body?

Ethylene glycol is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and slowly absorbed through the skin or lungs. It is distributed throughout total body water. Most of an absorbed dose of ethylene glycol is metabolized by the liver and a small portion is excreted unchanged in the urine.

Why does antifreeze cause metabolic acidosis?

Metabolic acidosis and renal failure are caused by the conversion of ethylene glycol to noxious metabolites. Oxidative reactions convert ethylene glycol to glycoaldehyde, and then to glycolic acid, which is the major cause of metabolic acidosis.

How does antifreeze cause metabolic acidosis?

Is ethylene glycol an electrolyte?

Conclusion. Summary notes on, except for a small increase in cell resistance (ESR) by adding certain amounts of ethylene glycol to aqueous EDLC capacitor systems, it behaves like an aqueous electrolyte with an increased cell performances.