What is the Cox-2 gene?
What is the Cox-2 gene?
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) (The HUGO official symbol is PTGS2; HGNC ID, HGNC:9605), also known as cyclooxygenase-2 or COX-2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGS2 gene….Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2.
| RNA expression pattern | |
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| BioGPS | More reference expression data |
What is COX-1 and cox2?
COX-1 is thought to be responsible for the production of prostaglandins associated with normal physiologic function and is found in such tissues as the stomach, kidney, and platelets. COX-2 was thought to be induced as the result of inflammation and responsible for producing prostaglandins such as prostaglandin E2.
What does PTGS2 do?
PTGS2 is inducible and typically produces prostanoids that mediate responses to physiological stresses such as infection and inflammation. “Crystal structure of rofecoxib bound to human cyclooxygenase-2.”
What is the function of prostaglandin H2 synthase 1?
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase (COX), is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis. It converts free arachidonic acid, released from membrane phospholipids at the sn-2 ester binding site by the enzymatic activity of phospholipase A2, to prostaglandin (PG) H2.
Where is COX-2 produced?
COX-2 distribution has been localized in the macula densa of the cortical thick ascending limb of Henle and interstitial cells in rodents, rabbit, and dogs [8], [12], [13]. COX-2 immunoreactivity has also been described in intercalated cells of the cortical collecting ducts in mouse kidney sections [14].
What does a Cox-2 inhibitor do?
COX-2 inhibitors are a subclass of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs work by reducing the production of prostaglandins, chemicals that promote inflammation, pain, and fever.
What does COX-2 produce?
The enzymes that produce prostaglandins are called cyclooxygenase (COX). There are two types of COX enzymes, COX-1 and COX-2. Both enzymes produce prostaglandins that promote inflammation, pain, and fever; however, only COX-1 produces prostaglandins that activate platelets and protect the stomach and intestinal lining.
Where is COX-2 found?
COX-1 was found in blood vessels, interstitial cells, smooth muscle cells, platelets and mesothelial cells. In contrast, COX-2 was found predominantly in the parenchymal cells of many tissues, with few exceptions, for example the heart.
What are Cox-2 inhibitors used for?
COX-2 inhibitors (such as Celebrex and Bextra) are a type of NSAID and are the most commonly prescribed drugs for arthritis. COX-2 inhibitors are also prescribed for many forms of back pain.
Where is COX-1 and COX-2 found?
What does prostaglandin E1 do?
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is used to keep the ductus arteriosus patent and can be life‐saving in neonates with ductal‐dependent cardiac lesions. PGE1 is used to promote mixing of pulmonary and systemic blood flow or improve pulmonary or systemic circulations, prior to balloon atrial septostomy or surgery.
