What does translocation mean in cancer?

A genetic change in which a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. Sometimes pieces from two different chromosomes will trade places with each other. Translocations may lead to medical problems such as leukemia, breast cancer, schizophrenia, muscular dystrophy, and Down syndrome.

What is a 9 22 translocation?

Abstract. The Philadelphia ( ) chromosome arising from the reciprocal t(9;22) translocation is found in more than 90% of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and results in the formation of the chimeric fusion gene BCR-ABL.

What does the 9 chromosome do?

Research shows that several genes that control cell growth and division are located on chromosome 9. Many of these genes are tumor suppressors, which means they normally help prevent cells from growing and dividing in an uncontrolled way.

What cancer is caused by translocation?

Among these rearrangements chromosomal translocations are considered as the primary cause for many cancers including lymphoma, leukemia and some solid tumors.

Is translocation or crossing over more likely to result in cancer?

Translocations are more often associated with negative consequences such as aneuploidy, infertility, or cancer.

What is t9 22?

t(9;22)(q34;q11. 2) is a recurrent constitutional non-Robertsonian translocation and a rare cytogenetic mimic of chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer Genet.

Are you born with the Philadelphia chromosome?

The changed chromosome 22, which contains the BCR-ABL gene, is called the Philadelphia chromosome because that’s the city where researchers first discovered it. The BCR-ABL gene is not the type of mutation that is inherited from your parents. It is a type of somatic mutation, which means you are not born with it.

What disease is associated with chromosome 9?

Chromosome 9, Trisomy 9p is a rare chromosomal disorder in which a portion of chromosome 9 appears three times (trisomy) rather than twice in cells of the body. The trisomy may involve a portion of the short arm (9p), the entire short arm, or the short arm and a segment of the long arm (9q).

What are chromosomes Grade 9?

Chromosomes are the genetic material present in all cells. They are present in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. They are a thread-like structure. Each chromosome of a eukaryotic cell contains DNA and associated proteins, known as histone proteins.

How many types of translocations are there?

two main
There are two main types of translocations: reciprocal and Robertsonian. In a reciprocal translocation, two different chromosomes have exchanged segments with each other. In a Robertsonian translocation, an entire chromosome attaches to another at the centromere.

What is translocation class 11?

Answer: Translocation is a biological mechanism involving the transfer of water and other soluble nutrients from one part of the plant to another through the xylem and phloem, which occurs in all plants.

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