How is polio eradicated?

Thanks to the polio vaccine, dedicated health care professionals, and parents who vaccinate their children on schedule, polio has been eliminated in this country for more than 30 years. This means that there is no year-round transmission of poliovirus in the United States.

Has polio been eradicated 2020?

Wild poliovirus has been eradicated in all continents except Asia, and as of 2020, Afghanistan and Pakistan are the only two countries where the disease is still classified as endemic.

How can polio infection be controlled?

Provision of clean water, improved hygienic practices and sanitation are important for reducing the risk of transmission in endemic countries. Immunisation is the cornerstone of polio eradication. Two types of vaccine are available: an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and a live attenuated OPV.

Why is polio not eradicated in Afghanistan?

Over the years, Afghanistan has made tremendous efforts to completely eradicate polio from the population; however, a fragile health-care system and pre-existing socioeconomic and political challenges have delayed this success.

Who eradicated polio in India?

The last case of polio in India was reported in Howrah, West Bengal on 13 January 2011. Since then, India has been free of the disease, officially receiving polio-free certification from the World Health Organization on 27 March 2014.

How was rubella eradicated?

Rubella virus is the most teratogenic virus known to science and is capable of causing large epidemics. The RA 27/3 rubella vaccine, usually combined with measles vaccine, has eliminated rubella and congenital rubella syndrome from much of the world, notably from the Western Hemisphere.

Who eradicated polio?

Of the 3 strains of wild poliovirus (type 1, type 2 and type 3), wild poliovirus type 2 was eradicated in 1999 and no case of wild poliovirus type 3 has been found since the last reported case in Nigeria in November 2012. Both strains have officially been certified as globally eradicated.

How can polio be controlled and prevented?

Polio can be prevented by immunizing a child with approrpiate vaccination. There are currently two effective polio vaccines, the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and the live attenuated oral polio vaccine (OPV).

What is polio and its prevention?

Polio is short for “poliomyelitis.” It’s a virus that spreads easily between people who aren’t vaccinated. In its most severe form, it can attack your spinal cord and brain and cause paralysis. People of any age can get polio, but kids under 5 have the highest risk of getting it.

Why polio is not eradicated in Pakistan?

Fecal-oral transmission is the most common source of transmission of the poliovirus in developing countries, including Pakistan. In addition to the poor health and water sanitation infrastructure, the transmission of the virus is also heightened because of the high population density and climate conditions.

WHO declared polio-free country?

In 1988, the 41st World Health Assembly adopted a resolution for the worldwide eradication of polio. Here are some polio certification facts: For certification, all countries in the WHO Region need to have no case of wild polio for 3 consecutive years in presence of high quality AFP surveillance systems.

Which disease is totally eradicated from India?

India has achieved breakthrough public health milestones in the past by eradication of smallpox and guinea worm disease. There has been a concerted effort to target other diseases in the country which are amenable to eradication/elimination.