What is the cofactor of citrate synthase?

What is the cofactor of citrate synthase?

Citrate synthase is a member of a small family of enzymes that can directly form a carbon-carbon bond without the presence of metal ion cofactors. It catalyses the first reaction in the Krebs’ cycle, namely the conversion of oxaloacetate and acetyl-coenzyme A into citrate and coenzyme A.

What are the cofactors needed in the citric acid cycle?

It has 5 cofactors: CoASH, NAD+, lipoamide, TPP and FAD. CoASH and NAD+ participate stoichiometrically in the reaction, the other 3 cofactors have catalytic functions.

Is citrate synthase a coenzyme?

This induces the enzyme to change its conformation, and creates a binding site for the acetyl-CoA. Only when this citryl-CoA has formed will another conformational change cause thioester hydrolysis and release coenzyme A….Function.

What activates citrate synthase?

In the citric acid cycle, these remaining carbon atoms are fully oxidized to form carbon dioxide. Citrate synthase starts this process by taking the molecules of acetate and attaching them to oxaloacetate, which acts as a convenient handle as the carbon atoms are passed from enzyme to enzyme in the citric acid cycle.

What cofactor does Aconitase use?

The (4Fe-4S) cofactor is held in place by three sulfur atoms belonging to the cysteins-385, -448, and -451 which are bound to three of the four cluster iron atoms. On activation of the enzyme, a fourth iron atom is included in the cluster together with a water molecule.

Is citrate synthase a lyase or transferase?

Citrate synthase (1CTS), originating in Sus scrofa, is a member of the Oxo Acid Lyase family (1). Citrate synthase participates in the citric acid cycle (otherwise known as the TCA cycle), which follows glycolysis in aerobic organisms.

How many coenzymes produced citric acid cycle?

There are eight enzymes in the TCA cycle that oxidize acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) into two molecules of carbon dioxide.

Which enzyme in the citrate cycle is activated by CoA?

Citrate synthase is responsible for the rate of reaction in the first step of the cycle when the acetyl-CoA is combined with oxaloacetic acid to form citrate. It is inhibited by high concentrations of ATP, acetyl-CoA, and NADH which indicates an already high level of energy supply.

What is the cofactor of Aconitase?

iron-sulfur cluster cofactor
Aconitase requires an iron-sulfur cluster cofactor which binds Fe2+ to activate the enzyme.

What is citrate synthase?

Citrate synthase is an enzyme active in all examined cells, where it is most often responsible for catalyzing the first reaction of the citric acid cycle (Krebs Cycle or the tricarboxylic acid [TCA] cycle): the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate.

What cofactor does isocitrate dehydrogenase use?

NAD +
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is a TCA enzyme that oxidatively decarboxylates isocitrate to 2-KG. This reaction is coupled to the transformation of NAD(P) + to NAD(P)H. In humans, IDH is present as one of three isoforms: IDH3 is part of the TCA and it uses NAD + as a cofactor.

Which of the following ions are involved in conversion of citrate to isocitrate by aconitase enzyme?

Aconitase is an enzyme containing an Fe4S4 cluster that catalyzes the stereospecific interconversion of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitase.