How does fuzzy trace theory explain false memories?

Fuzzy-trace theory explains false memories via a small set of principles that implement a single representational distinction. Those principles generate new predictions, some of which are counterintuitive. Keywords.

What is the fuzzy trace theory and how does it apply to decision making?

Fuzzy-trace theory (FTT) is a comprehensive, dual-process model of memory, reasoning, judgment, and decision making that has been used to study how individuals across the life span make decisions that involve risk (Reyna, 2004, 2008, 2012).

Who is more vulnerable to memory contamination fuzzy trace?

Research had first suggested that younger children are more susceptible to suggestion of false information than adults. However, research has since indicated that younger children are much less likely to form false memories than older children and adults.

Which type of false confession involves false memory?

Persuaded false confessions occur when police interrogation tactics cause an innocent suspect to doubt his memory and he becomes temporarily persuaded that it is more likely than not that he committed the crime, despite having no memory of committing it.

What does the fuzzy trace theory predict?

As predicted, false-recognition reversal occurs when verbatim memories are accessible, as when delays between study and test are short or when the same (verbatim) targets have been studied repeatedly.

Which of the following regarding fuzzy trace theory is true?

Which of the following regarding fuzzy trace theory is true? Memory and reasoning skills are improved when older children begin to use gist rather than verbatim memory trace to recall information. Infants as young as _____ month(s) of age show a limited type of memory.

Is eyewitness confidence an indicator of accuracy?

But over the last 20 years, eyewitness-identification researchers have discovered that when eyewitnesses are tested using appropriate identification procedures, the confidence they express can be, and usually is, a highly reliable indicator of accuracy (Brewer & Wells, 2006; Juslin, Olsson, & Winman, 1996).

How can eyewitness testimony be affected by false memory?

The testimony of eyewitnesses whose memories may have been distorted can lead to the conviction of innocent persons while true perpetrators remain free.

In which type of false confession does a person come to believe that they are guilty?

‘Coerced-internalized false confessions’ are those in which an innocent person—anxious, sleep-deprived, confused, and subjected to a highly suggestive interrogation that often includes the presentation of false evidence—actually comes to believe that he or she committed the crime.

Why is memory and eyewitness testimony inaccurate?

Even if an eyewitness observes a scene clearly and remembers it precisely, her or his memories may become distorted during poorly managed identification procedures. The information that authorities provide to eyewitnesses, whether deliberately or accidentally, can “contaminate” their memories.

How can misleading information affect eyewitness testimony?

Misleading information, also known as after the fact information, can change the memory of an eyewitness by providing information that becomes incorporated in to the memory of the event even though it was not present at the time of the event.