What is RNA polymerase do?

RNA polymerase (green) synthesizes RNA by following a strand of DNA. RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.

What do activator proteins do?

Activator proteins bind to regulatory sites on DNA nearby to promoter regions that act as on/off switches. This binding facilitates RNA polymerase activity and transcription of nearby genes.

What is a promoter in biology?

A promoter, as related to genomics, is a region of DNA upstream of a gene where relevant proteins (such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors) bind to initiate transcription of that gene. The resulting transcription produces an RNA molecule (such as mRNA).

Where is RNA polymerase found?

RNA polymerase I is located in the nucleolus, a specialized nuclear substructure in which ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed, processed, and assembled into ribosomes (Table 1). The rRNA molecules are considered structural RNAs because they have a cellular role but are not translated into protein.

What is the difference between DNA and RNA polymerase?

The main difference between DNA and RNA polymerase is that DNA polymerase produces a double-stranded DNA molecule during polymerization whereas RNA polymerase produces a single-stranded RNA molecule during transcription.

What is promoters and activators?

An activator facilitates the upregulation of the transcription process by binding to enhancers, while promoter is the site at which RNA polymerase binds, and transcription initiation takes place, and repressor downregulates transcription by binding to silencers.

What is the difference between activator and repressor?

An activator acts as a catalyst in the transcription process to produce more mRNA, while the repressor represses RNA polymerase to transcribe the associated genes within an operon.

Is a promoter a protein?

Core Promoter Histones are proteins found in eukaryotic cells that package DNA into nucleosomes. Histone binding prevents the initiation of transcription whereas transcription factors promote the initiation of transcription.