What is the incidence of ototoxicity?

Epidemiology. Incidence of ototoxicity is as high as 1% and is most commonly observed in elderly patients, even at low doses.

Which aminoglycoside is most ototoxic?

Neomycin is considered the most highly toxic; followed by gentamicin, kanamycin, and tobramycin; while amikacin and netilmicin are considered the least toxic.

What is the greatest risk a patient can develop while receiving an aminoglycoside?

The most important adverse effects of aminoglycosides are nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and, more rarely, neuromuscular blockade.

What meds carry an elevated risk of ototoxicity?

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents, loop diuretics, macrolide antibiotics, and antimalarials are the commonly used ototoxic drugs [2] with well-documented efficacy against various infections and malignancies in children and adults.

What are the most common ototoxic drugs?

The most common reported ototoxic drugs in clinical use are aminoglycoside antibiotics, macrolide antibiotics, salicylates, chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin, loop diuretics, antimalarials, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), quinine, and acetaminophen (Rybak & Ramkumar, 2007; Tabuchi et al., 2011; …

Is aminoglycoside ototoxicity reversible?

A significant side effect of aminoglycoside administration is kidney damage (nephrotoxicity) and irreversible sensorineural hearing loss (ototoxicity). Nephrotoxicity is largely reversible, whilst hearing loss is permanent.

Is aminoglycoside induced ototoxicity reversible?

It has long been known that the major irreversible toxicity of aminoglycosides is ototoxicity.

What are two adverse effects of aminoglycosides?

Adverse Effects

  • The main noted adverse effects of aminoglycosides are ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and neuromuscular blockade.
  • Aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity has been reported to occur in 2 to 45% of adults.
  • Nephrotoxicity due to aminoglycosides may appear in up to 10 to 25% of patients.

What is the most important symptom to monitor while giving an aminoglycoside?

Patient Teaching & Education: Patients receiving aminoglycosides should be advised to monitor for signs of hypersensitivity and auditory changes. This may include tinnitus and hearing loss.

Which one of the following drugs is most likely to cause loss of equilibrium and auditory damage?

Aspirin and quinine Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) and quinine are well known to cause temporary ototoxicity resulting in tinnitus. They may also reduce hearing, particularly when given at high doses. Quinine products can also temporarily reduce balance ability.